Fenomena Muenshakai sebagai Akibat Pola Hidup Individualisme serta Dampaknya  terhadap Keadaan Sosial dan Ekonomi di Jepang

Roberto Masami Prabowo; Sheddy Nagara Tjandra

doi:10.21512/lc.v8i2.451

Authors

Roberto Masami Prabowo Japanese Department, Faculty of Humanities, Bina Nusantara University Jln. Kemanggisan Ilir III No. 45, Palmerah – Kemanggisan, Jakarta Barat 11480
Sheddy Nagara Tjandra Japanese Department, Faculty of Humanities, Bina Nusantara University Jln. Kemanggisan Ilir III No. 45, Palmerah – Kemanggisan, Jakarta Barat 11480

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21512/lc.v8i2.451

Keywords:

muenshakai, family, individualism

Abstract

Article described capitalist social life of modern Japanesse that was having individualistic characteristic. This high indivialistic life affected the availability of disconnected family life called muenshakai (無縁社会). This phenomenon caused social and economic shifts in the Japanese family. This research used qualitative approach elaborated in descriptive analysis. The object of research or data corpus was the problem of a decline in Japan population in terms of the breakdown of the family. The research results indicated that muenshakai phenomenon has emerged in Japan caused by some sequential events, those are: the 2nd World War “legacy”, the availability of baby boom, the abolition of shūshinkoyō (終身雇用), the decreasing of marital rate, the increasing of divorce rate, the decreasing of bith rate (少子化), and the lost of family relationship. It can be concluded that the urban individualistic life style is able to change the traditional thinking pattern into oportunistic one that becomes one of the causal factors of muenshakai phenomenon.

Dimensions

Plum Analytics

References

Abegglen, J. C. (2004). Shin-Nihon no Keiei (新・日本の経営). Yōichi Yamaoka (山岡洋一) (Trans.). Japan: Nipponkeizaishinbunsha (日本経済新聞社).

Anzō, S. (September 2013). 「少子化問題を斬る―原因は、未婚化・晩婚化・晩

産化にあり」. Meiji.net – Meiji University, Japan. Diakses dari http://www.meiji.net/publicitydata/meijinet_images/2013/09/opinion09_birthrate.jpg

Barrett, D. P., & Shyu, L. N. (Eds.). (2000). China in the Anti-Japanese War, 1937-1945: Politics, Culture, and Society. New York, NY: Peter Lang.

Fukutake, T. (1989). The Japanese Social Structure: Its evolution in the modern century. R. P. Dore. (Trans), 2nd ed. Japan: University of Tōkyō Press.

Hane, M. (2001). Modern Japan: A Historical Survey. Westview Press.

Japan Eastday – 日本語 (2012, 27 Nov). 日本で深刻化する「無縁社会」. Diakses dari http://jp.eastday.com/node2/home/xw/gjpl/userobject1ai72338.html

J-Cast News. (2011). Diakses dari http://www.j-cast.com/2011/06/30099968.html

Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare (2014). 人口動態統計特殊報告・離婚に関する統計. Diakses dari http://www.mhlw.go.jp/toukei/saikin/hw/jinkou/tokusyu/rikon10/01.html

Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (2011) (総務省) http://www.soumu.go.jp/johotsusintokei/whitepaper/ja/h23/html/nc222220.html

Miyamoto, M. (2012). Wakamono ga Muenkasuru (若者が無縁化する－仕事・福祉・コミュニティでつなぐ). Japan: Chikuma Shinsho (ちくま新書).

Nakane, C. (1981). Masyarakat Jepang. Bambang Kusriyanto (Trans.). Jakarta: Sinar Harapan.

Naohiro, Y. (2009). Rōdōsijyōkaikaku no Keizaigaku (労働市場改革の経済学). Japan: Tōyōkeizaisinpōsha (東洋経済新報社).

NIRA – National Institute for Research Advancement (2009, Apr). Diakses 5 Januari 2014 dari http://www.nira.or.jp/pdf/0901areport.pdf

NTT Com research (2014). 団塊の世代のセカンドライフ http://research.nttcoms.com/database/data/000561/

NHK – Japan Broadcasting Corporation Online (日本放送協会) (2012-2013) http://www.nhk.or.jp/special/onair/100131.html http://www.nhk.or.jp/special/onair/100905.html

Perlman, D., & Peplau, L. A. (1984). Loneliness Research: A survey of empirical findings. In L.A. Peplau & S. Goldston (Eds.), Preventing the Harmful Consequences of Severe and Persistence Loneliness (pp. 13–46). US Goverment Printing: DDH Publication.

Sekiguchi, I. (1997). Shūshinkoyōsei (終身雇用制). Japan: Bunshindō (文眞堂).

Shukan Gendai (2014). 「老後破産」200万人の衝撃第1部普通のサラリーマン」だった私は、定年からたった10年で破産した 70過ぎて、食うモノに困るとは. Diakses dari http://gendai.ismedia.jp/articles/-/40603

The Huffington Post. (2014, 29 Mar). 日本の6割の地域が無人に？ 2050年、日本の人口は9700万人国交省試算. Diakses dari http://www.huffingtonpost.jp/2014/03/29/population-of-japan_n_5053891.html

Ukeru, M. (2012). Sengōshi no Shōtai (戦後史の正体). Japan : Sōgensha (創元社).