The Use of Code-Switching and Code-Mixing in English Learning for Children:

A Study Case of Indonesian-American Couple

Authors

  • Lambok Hermanto Sihombing President University
  • Susvita Dwi Rani President University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21512/lc.v16i2.8403

Keywords:

code-switching, code-mixing, intercultural family, communication

Abstract

The research aimed to determine the types of communication applied in an intercultural family. They had diverse nationalities, customs, values, and beliefs. The researchers viewed communication as the main issue that could occur in an intercultural family. One of the examples of an intercultural family was Aprillia, a Makassarese woman married to Shawn Mullins, a U.S Military. They caused code-switching and code-mixing, types of code-switching and code-mixing applied in the family, children’s communication process, and strategies to solve communication problems in the intercultural family. The research’s finding was gathered from April’s family using an in-depth interview. By applying a qualitative approach, the researchers found the type of code-switching, code-mixing, and communication processes applied in April’s family. Furthermore, the researchers discover that techniques for resolving communication problems and linguistic barriers include avoiding ethnocentrism, challenging prejudices, recognizing differences, adjusting communication, equality, and a balanced split. Consequently, the most effective technique for resolving communication issues within an intercultural family is to remember that every individual has a distinct perspective. To avoid miscommunication during a conversation, individuals must learn to adapt to the capacity of the person with whom they are communicating.

Dimensions

Plum Analytics

References

Al-Qaysi, N. (2019). Students and educators’ attitudes towards code-switching: A longitudinal study. International Journal of Information Technology and Language Studies (IJITLS), 3(2), 61-72.

Anastassiou, F., & Andreou, G. (2017). Factors associated with the code mixing and code switching of multilingual children: An overview. International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Culture (LLC), 4(3), 13-26.

Arifin, H. S., Fuady, I., & Kuswarno, E. (2017). Factor analysis that effect university student perception in Untirta about existance of region. Jurnal Penelitian Komunikasi dan Opini Publik, 21(1), 88-101.

Athif, M. H., & Gandhi, N. (2022). The role of language in cross cultural bonds. Journal of Asian Multicultural Research for Social Sciences Study, 3(4), 7-16. https://doi.org/10.47616/jamrsss.v3i4.321.

Baker, W. (2020). Exploring intercultural and transcultural communication in ELT. ELF: The Center for English as a Lingua Franca Journal, 6, 1-10.

Basabrin, A. (2019). Code-switched greeting by bilingual Saudi-American subject: A case study. Arab World English Journal, 10(1), 335-346. https://doi.org/10.24093/awej/vol10no1.28.

Bin-Tahir, S. Z., Bugis, R., & Tasiana, R. (2017). Intercultural communication of a multicultural family in Buru regency. Lingual: Journal of Language and Culture, 4(2), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.24843/ljlc.2017.v04.i02.p02.

Boye, S. C., & Byram, M. (2017). Language awareness and the acquisition of intercultural communicative competence. London: Routledge.

Carr, K., & Kellas, J. K. (2018). The role of family and marital communication in developing resilience to family-of-origin adversity. Journal of Family Communication, 18(1), 68-84. https://doi.org/10.1080/15267431.2017.1369415.

Croucher, S. M. (2020). The importance of culture and communication. Frontiers in Communication, 5, 1-3. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2020.00061.

Green, T., Hoffmann, M., Donovan, L., & Phuntsog, N. (2017). Cultural communication characteristics and student connectedness in an online environment: Perceptions and preferences of online graduate students. International Journal of E-Learning and Distance Education, 32(2), 1-29.

Hidayaturrohman, H. (2019). Code-switching in bilingual society: A case of Bima family. International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, 6(2), 810-816. https://doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v6i2.767.

Hutajulu, F. S. L., & Herman, H. (2019). Analysis of illocutionary act in the movie "You Are My Home" English subtitle. JEES: Journal of English Educational Study, 2(1), 29-36. https://doi.org/10.31932/jees.v2i1.371.

Kolinko, M. (2019). Intercultural communication: From distinction to inclusion. Intercultural Communication, 1(6), 189-212. http://dx.doi.org/10.13166/inco/102840.

Ladha, T., Zubairi, M., Hunter, A., Audcent, T., & Johnstone, J. (2018). Cross-cultural communication: Tools for working with families and children. Paediatrics & Child Health, 23(1), 66-69. https://doi.org/10.1093/pch/pxx126.

Liddicoat, A. J. (2019). Critical perspectives in intercultural language learning. Elia: Estudios de Lingüística Inglesa Aplicada, 19, 17-38. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/elia.mon.2019.i1.02.

Littlejohn, S. W., & Foss, K. A. (2017). Theories of human communication. Long Grove, IL: Waveland Press, Inc.

Mabule, D. R. (2015). What is this? Is it code switching, code mixing or language alternating? Journal of Educational and Social Research, 5(1), 339-350. https://doi.org/10.5901/jesr.2015.v5n1p339.

Mowlana, H. (2019). Human communication theory: A five-dimensional model. Journal of International Communication, 25(1), 3-33. https://doi.org/10.1080/13216597.2018.1560351.

Rashid, I. M. A. (2020). The impact of language and communication barriers and family influences to marital instability: Perspectives on intercultural marriage. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, 24(5). https://doi.org/10.37200/ijpr/v24i5/pr2020727.

Roslidah, N., & Komara, I. (2017). Culture differences of Indonesia ethnic minorities in non-verbal communication. Jurnal Studi Komunikasi (Indonesian Journal of Communications Studies), 1(1), 6-18. https://doi.org/10.25139/jsk.v1i1.60.

Sirait, A. D., Salam, N. E., & Yasir. (2020). Family communication in mixed marriage couples between Indonesia-Australia. International Journal of Media and Communication Research, 1(2), 24-33. https://doi.org/10.25299/ijmcr.v1i2.5237.

Stapa, S. H., & Khan, N. N. B. S. (2016). Functions of code-switching: A case study of a mixed Malay-Chinese family in the home domain. Social Sciences & Humanities, 24, 181-194.

Tang, F., & Calafato, R. (2022). Transnational multilingual families in China: Multilingualism as commodity, conflict, and in-betweenness. SAGE Open, 12(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440221082129.

Ucok-Sayrak, O. (2019). Intercultural communication: Critical approaches and future challenges. Language and Intercultural Communication, 19(4), 373-376. https://doi.org/10.1080/14708477.2018.1497434.

Yuniarti, N., Sastromiharjo, A., Sunendar, D., & Mulyati, Y. (2019). Intercultural communication in Indonesia language education (Reflection of attitude language on Indonesian language in the trade context by Indonesia-Malaysia border communities in West Kalimantan). Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Science and Technology for an Internet of Things. Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Pp 1-12. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.19-10-2018.2282010.

Downloads

Published

2023-05-10
Abstract 474  .
PDF downloaded 252  .