Digital Leadership: Predicting Team Dynamics, Communication Effectiveness, and Team Performance
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21512/tw.v25i1.11678Keywords:
digital leadership, team dynamics, communication effectiveness, team performanceAbstract
Digitalization is essential in modern business organizations, where it transforms the operational framework and increases competitive advantage through the integration of advanced technologies. This transformation enables real-time data analysis, improves communication channels, and automates routine tasks, thereby driving innovation and efficiency that ultimately drives sustainable growth and success in a highly competitive market environment. The research observed the effect of digital leadership on team dynamics, communication effectiveness, and team performance. Data were collected by using a Likert scale questionnaire with 117 individual respondents across various business organizations in Yogyakarta and Banten, Indonesia. Then, the data obtained were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) in AMOS software. The results show that digital leadership has a significant effect on team dynamics and communication effectiveness. In addition, communication effectiveness has been proven to have a significantly positive effect on team performance. However, there is no direct relationship between team dynamics and performance. The results underscore the importance of strengthening digital leadership and communication effectiveness to improve team performance. Organizations should prioritize fostering a collaborative culture through digital platforms, effectively managing conflicts, and ensuring timely communication. Digital leadership should promote a participatory culture, handle conflicts adeptly, and maintain teams motivated through an effective digital approach. Lastly, organizations must provide effective digital communication tools and ensure team members understand how to use them.
Plum Analytics
References
Adegoke, D. (2023). A systematic review of big data and digital technologies security leadership outcomes effectiveness during natural disasters. Sustainable Futures, 5, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sftr.2023.100113.
Aggar, C., Shinners, L., Penman, O., Mainey, L., Kurup, C., Hallett, J., ... & Raddi, S. (2021). Evaluation of a digital application to support internationally qualified nurses’ communication and leadership skills. Nurse Education Today, 104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2021.104982.
AlAjmi, M. K. (2022). The impact of digital leadership on teachers’ technology integration during the COVID-19 pandemic in Kuwait. International Journal of Educational Research, 112(February), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2022.101928.
AlNuaimi, B. K., Singh, S. K., Ren, S., Budhwar, P., & Vorobyev, D. (2022). Mastering digital transformation: The nexus between leadership, agility, and digital strategy. Journal of Business Research, 145, 636-648. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.03.038.
Ardi, A., Djati, S. P., Bernarto, I., Sudibjo, N., Yulianeu, A., Nanda, H. A., & Nanda, K. A. (2020). The relationship between digital transformational leadership styles and knowledge-based empowering interaction for increasing organisational innovativeness. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 11(3), 259-277.
Assbeihat, J. M. (2016). The impact of collaboration among members on team’s performance. Management and Administrative Sciences Review, 5(5), 248-259.
Bagga, S. K., Gera, S., & Haque, S. N. (2023). The mediating role of organizational culture: Transformational leadership and change management in virtual teams. Asia Pacific Management Review, 28(2), 120-131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmrv.2022.07.003.
Baird, N., Martin, L. J., & Benson, A. J. (2020). A dynamic view of coach transformational leadership: How leadership perceptions relate to task cohesion and team potency. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2020.101789.
Ballard, M., Fishman, E. K., Chu, L. C., & Rowe, S. P. (2021). Leadership: Delivering success by building dynamic teams. Journal of the American College of Radiology, 18(3), 457-458. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2020.03.014.
Bansal, A., Panchal, T., Jabeen, F., Mangla, S. K., & Singh, G. (2023). A study of Human Resource Digital Transformation (HRDT): A phenomenon of innovation capability led by digital and individual factors. Journal of Business Research, 157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.113611.
Barker, R. T., & Camarata, M. R. (1998). The role of communication in creating and maintaining a learning organization: Preconditions, indicators, and disciplines. International Journal of Business Communication (IJBC), 35(4), 443-467. https://doi.org/10.1177/002194369803500402.
Bruce, K., & Nyland, C. (2011). Elton Mayo and the deification of human relations. Organization Studies, 32(3), 383-405. https://doi.org/10.1177/0170840610397478.
Bucăţa, G., & Rizescu, A. M. (2017). The role of communication in enhancing work effectiveness of an organization. Land Forces Academy Review, 22(1), 49-57. https://doi.org/10.1515/raft-2017-0008.
Buil, I., Martínez, E., & Matute, J. (2019). Transformational leadership and employee performance: The role of identification, engagement and proactive personality. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 77, 64-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2018.06.014.
Burns, W. A., & Patel, N. M. (2019). Integrating the DiSC model into intramural leadership training within general surgery residency to facilitate improvement in team communication and dynamics. Journal of the American College of Surgeons, 229(4). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2019.08.1239.
Chatterjee, S., Chaudhuri, R., Vrontis, D., & Giovando, G. (2023). Digital workplace and organization performance: Moderating role of digital leadership capability. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 8(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2023.100334.
Ciriello, R. F., Richter, A., & Mathiassen, L. (2024). Emergence of creativity in IS development teams: A socio-technical systems perspective. International Journal of Information Management, 74, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2023.102698.
Corbett, F., & Spinello, E. (2020). Connectivism and leadership: Harnessing a learning theory for the digital age to redefine leadership in the twenty-first century. Heliyon, 6(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03250.
Dabić, M., Maley, J. F., Črešnar, R., & Nedelko, Z. (2023). Unappreciated channel of manufacturing productivity under industry 4.0: Leadership values and capabilities. Journal of Business Research, 162, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.113900.
DeCaporale-Ryan, L., Warren, A., & Steffen, A. M. (2022). 7.25 - Interprofessional teams and psychology. In Comprehensive clinical psychology (pp. 385–401). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-818697-8.00025-X.
Dempster, P., Hutchinson, A., Oldland, E., & Bouchoucha, S. L. (2023). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on emergency department team dynamics and workforce sustainability in Australia. A qualitative study. International Emergency Nursing, 71, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ienj.2023.101378.
Dennis, A. R. (1996). Information exchange and use in group decision making: You can lead a group to information, but you can’t make it think. MIS Quarterly, 20(4), 433-457. https://doi.org/10.2307/249563.
Dong, W., & Fu, W. T. (2011). Conflict resolution in remote collaborative problem solving: A comparison of different computer mediated communication methods. In Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (Vol. 33, No. 33).
Ehmann, S., Kampkötter, P., Maier, P., & Yang, P. (2023). Performance management and work engagement – New evidence using longitudinal data. Management Accounting Research, In Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mar.2023.100867.
Eman, G., Hernández, A., & González-Romá, V. (2023). Charismatic leadership, intra-team communication quality, and team performance: The role of average leadership perceptions and their homogeneity. European Management Journal, In Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2023.04.011.
Fan, J., & Xu, M. (2024). The power of competition: Unveiling China’s digital transformation through product market dynamics. Economics Letters, 234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2023.111479.
Freeman, G., & McNeese, N. J. (2019). Exploring indie game development: Team practices and social experiences in a creativity-centric technology community. Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW), 28, 723-748. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10606-019-09348-x.
Gatell, I. S., & Avella, L. (2024). Impact of Industry 4.0 and circular economy on lean culture and leadership: Assessing digital green lean as a new concept. European Research on Management and Business Economics, 30(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iedeen.2023.100232.
Gibbs, J. (2010). Linda L. Putnam and Anne M. Nicotera, eds.: Building theories of organization: The constitutive role of communication. Administrative Science Quarterly, 55(1), 159-161. https://doi.org/10.2189/asqu.2010.55.1.159.
Goltz, S. M., Hietapelto, A. B., Reinsch, R. W., & Tyrell, S. K. (2008). Teaching teamwork and problem solving concurrently. Journal of Management Education, 32(5), 541-562. https://doi.org/10.1177/1052562907310739.
Hanif, A. M., & Saleem, Z. (2020). The impact of workplace design on employee productivity: A comparative study of university libraries in China and Pakistan. International Journal of Professional Management, 15(4), 1-14.
He, H., & Hu, Y. (2021). The dynamic impacts of shared leadership and the transactive memory system on team performance: A longitudinal study. Journal of Business Research, 130, 14-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.03.007.
Horn, A. J., & Carter, C. S. (2021). Love and longevity: A social dependency hypothesis. Comprehensive Psychoneuroendocrinology, 8, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpnec.2021.100088.
Hung, B. Q., Hoa, T. A., Hoai, T. T., & Nguyen, N. P. (2023). Advancement of cloud-based accounting effectiveness, decision-making quality, and firm performance through digital transformation and digital leadership: Empirical evidence from Vietnam. Heliyon, 9(6), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16929.
Ivan, P. (2010). The roles played by the team members in the human resources performing management. The USV Annals of Economics and Public Administration, 10(Special Number), 231-240.
Jameson, J., Rumyantseva, N., Cai, M., Markowski, M., Essex, R., & McNay, I. (2022). A systematic review and framework for digital leadership research maturity in higher education. Computers and Education Open, 3, 1-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeo.2022.100115.
Jannah, R., Handajani, L., & Firmansyah, M. (2018). The influence of human resources, use of information technology and public participation to the transparancy and accountability of village financial management. International Journal of Scientific Research and Management (IJSRM), 6(05), 373-385.
Jones, A. (2019). The Tuckman’s model implementation, effect, and analysis & the new development of Jones LSI model on a small group. Journal of Management, 6(4), 23-28. https://doi.org/10.34218/jom.6.4.2019.005.
Khan, N., Dyaram, L., & Dayaram, K. (2022). Team faultlines and upward voice in India: The effects of communication and psychological safety. Journal of Business Research, 142, 540-550. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.01.009.
Kozlowski, S. W. J., & Ilgen, D. R. (2006). Enhancing the effectiveness of work groups and teams. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 7(3), 77-124. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-1006.2006.00030.x.
Krausz, R. R. (1986). Power and leadership in organizations. Transactional Analysis Journal, 16(2), 85-94. https://doi.org/10.1177/036215378601600202.
Kwon, S. H. (2024). Analyzing the impact of team-building interventions on team cohesion in sports teams: A meta-analysis study. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1353944.
Lee, M. C. C., Sim, B. Y. H., & Tuckey, M. R. (2024). Comparing effects of toxic leadership and team social support on job insecurity, role ambiguity, work engagement, and job performance: A multilevel mediational perspective. Asia Pacific Management Review, 29(1), 115-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmrv.2023.09.002.
Leso, B. H., Cortimiglia, M. N., & Ghezzi, A. (2023). The contribution of organizational culture, structure, and leadership factors in the digital transformation of SMEs: A mixed-methods approach. Cognition, Technology & Work, 25, 151-179. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10111-022-00714-2.
Li, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Z., & Zhao, Y. (2024). The impact of middle managers’ digital leadership on employee work engagement. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1368442
Licorish, S. A., Da Costa, D. A., Zolduoarrati, E., & Grattan, N. (2024). Relating team atmosphere and group dynamics to student software development teams’ performance. Information and Software Technology, 167, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2023.107377.
Lin, Q. (2023). Transformational leadership and innovative work behavior: The role of identification, voice and innovation climate. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2023.103521.
Manata, B., Garcia, A. J., Mollaoglu, S., & Miller, V. D. (2021). The effect of commitment differentiation on integrated project delivery team dynamics: The critical roles of goal alignment, communication behaviors, and decision quality. International Journal of Project Management, 39(3), 259-269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2020.12.003.
Mannucci, P. V., & Shalley, C. E. (2022). Embracing multicultural tensions: How team members’ multicultural paradox mindsets foster team information elaboration and creativity. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2022.104191.
Marlow, S. L., Lacerenza, C. N., Paoletti, J., Burke, C. S., & Salas, E. (2018). Does team communication represent a one-size-fits-all approach?: A meta-analysis of team communication and performance. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 144, 145-170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2017.08.001.
Mbama, C. I., & Ezepue, P. O. (2018). Digital banking, customer experience and bank financial performance: UK customers’ perceptions. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 36(2), 230-255. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-11-2016-0181.
Memon, K. R., & Ooi, S. K. (2023). Identifying digital leadership’s role in fostering competitive advantage through responsible innovation: A SEM-Neural Network approach. In Technology in Society, 75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2023.102399.
Meng, Q., Li, A., & Zhang, H. (2022). How can offline and online contact predict intercultural communication effectiveness? Findings from domestic and international students in China. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 89, 63-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2022.05.007.
Mishra, D. B., Haider, I., Gunasekaran, A., Sakib, M. N., Malik, N., & Rana, N. P. (2023). “Better together”: Right blend of business strategy and digital transformation strategies. International Journal of Production Economics, 266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2023.109040.
Mohammed Ameen, P. A. (2018). The power and psychology of power. Journal of University of Human Development, 4(2), 89-99. https://doi.org/10.21928/juhd.v4n2y2018.pp89-99.
Monea, B., Burrows-Stone, K., Dunbar, J. G., Freed, J., Stornaiuolo, A., & Griffin, A. A. (2022). “Live within the messiness”: How a digitally mediated inquiry community supported ELA teachers in cultivating adaptive repertoires. English Teaching: Practice & Critique, 21(4), 413-427. https://doi.org/10.1108/ETPC-08-2021-0096.
Morreale, S. P., & Shockley-Zalabak, P. S. (2015). Organizational trust in cultures with a history of distrust: A qualitative study of Polish and Russian leaders’ perspectives and experiences. Intercultural Communication Studies, 44(1), 27-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17475759.2014.989255.
Müller, S. D., Konzag, H., Nielsen, J. A., & Sandholt, H. B. (2024). Digital transformation leadership competencies: A contingency approach. International Journal of Information Management, 75, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2023.102734.
Nieken, P. (2023). Charisma in the gig economy: The impact of digital leadership and communication channels on performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 34(6). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2022.101631.
Nordin, S. M., Sivapalan, S., Bhattacharyya, E., Ahmad, H. H. W. F. W., & Abdullah, A. (2014). Organizational communication climate and conflict management: Communications management in an oil and gas company. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 109, 1046-1058. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.587.
Oh, Y. (2023). Communication and team cohesion moderate the relationship between transformational leadership and athletic performance. SAGE Open, 13(3), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440231195196.
Orgambídez, A., & Almeida, H. (2020). Social support, role clarity and job satisfaction: A successful combination for nurses. International Nursing Review, 67(3), 380-386. https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12591.
Prentice, C., Wong, I. A., & Lin, Z. (2023). Artificial intelligence as a boundary-crossing object for employee engagement and performance. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 73, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2023.103376.
Purwoko, & Bin Hassan, Z. (2023). Impact of innovation leadership on supply chain efficiency: The role of process improvement. Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis, 14(2), 257-273. https://doi.org/10.18196/mb.v14i2.18816.
Raja, F. U., Akhtar, N., & Hussain, S. Q. (2020). Exploring perception of professionals regarding introversion and extroversion in relation to success at workplace. Journal of Educational Sciences, 7(2), 184-195.
Richard, O. C., & Johnson, N. B. (2001). Strategic human resource management effectiveness and firm performance. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 12(2), 299-310. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585190010015105.
Rivaldo, Y. (2021). Leadership and motivation to performance through job satisfaction of hotel employees at D’Merlion Batam. The Winners, 22(1), 25-30. https://doi.org/10.21512/tw.v22i1.7039.
Saeed, R., Mussawar, S., Lodhi, R. N., Iqbal, A., Nayab, H. H., & Yaseen, S. (2013). Factors affecting the performance of employees at work place in the banking sector of Pakistan. Middle East Journal of Scientific Research, 17(9), 1200-1208.
Salvation, M. D. (2019). Communication and conflict resolution in the workplace: Overcoming barriers in matrix coating. Dev Sanskriti Interdisciplinary International Journal, 13, 25-46. https://doi.org/10.36018/dsiij.v13i.112.
Sari, S. Y., Lima Krisna, N., & Ali, H. (2021). A review literature employee performance model: Motivation, leadership, and organizational culture. Dinasti International Journal of Digital Business Management, 2(4), 730-743. https://doi.org/10.31933/dijdbm.v2i4.888.
Schei, G. S., Høigaard, R., Erikstad, M. K., Ivarsson, A., & Haugen, T. (2023). Identity leadership and cohesion in elite sport: The mediating role of intra-team communication. Heliyon, 9(7), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17853.
Shah, I. A., Khamdamov, A., Ali, S. A., Ali, N., & Parveen, S. (2020). Relationship between diversity and conflict management among different organizations. International Journal of Technical Research & Science, V(III), 36-43. https://doi.org/10.30780/ijtrs.v05.i03.005.
Soon, C. C., & Salamzadeh, Y. (2021). The impact of digital leadership competencies on virtual team effectiveness in MNC companies in Penang, Malaysia. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 8(2), 219-253.
Tang, T., Vezzani, V., & Eriksson, V. (2020). Developing critical thinking, collective creativity skills and problem solving through playful design jams. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2020.100696.
Tseng, F. M., Jade, N. B. N., Weng, H. H. R., & Lu, F. Y. (2024). Effects of team diversity, emergent leadership, and shared leadership on team performance in a multi-stage innovation and creativity crowdsourcing competition. The International Journal of Management Education, 22(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2024.100948.
Tyagi, S., Sibal, R., & Suri, B. (2022). Empirically developed framework for building trust in distributed agile teams. Information and Software Technology, 145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2022.106828.
Watkins, S. C., & Hensley, N. B. (2023). Team dynamics in the operating room: How is team performance optimized? Anesthesiology Clinics, 41(4), 775-787. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anclin.2023.05.004.
Wilson, C. (2017). Bruce Tuckman’s forming, storming, norming & performing. Culture at Work, 1-4.
Xia, Y., Liu, X., Wang, X., Deng, H., Han, C., Liu, Z., & Tsai, S. B. (2023). The power of role models in a team: The impact of lead entrepreneur’s digital leadership on digital entrepreneurial success. Information Processing & Management, 60(6). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2023.103498.
Zawawi, A. A., Ab Halim, N., Kamarunzaman, N. Z., Zawawi, A. A., & Halim, F. W. (2023). The linkage between team communication, team motivation and search and rescue team performance. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 21, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v21i0.2217.
Zeng, H., Wang, C., Chen, J., Tang, D., & Xu, A. (2023). Pathways to tourism industry ecologization: A technology-organization-environment configuration framework. Ecological Indicators, 156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2023.111119.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Didik Subiyanto, Umi Wahidah, Epsilandri Septyarini, Arief Bagus Arjuna
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
a. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License - Share Alike that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
b. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
c. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
USER RIGHTS
All articles published Open Access will be immediately and permanently free for everyone to read and download. We are continuously working with our author communities to select the best choice of license options, currently being defined for this journal as follows: Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike (CC BY-SA)
