Peran Teresa Magbanua dalam Revolusi Filipina 1898
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21512/icj.v1i2.11623Keywords:
Teresa Magbanua; Revolusi Filipina; KolonialismeAbstract
This paper will discuss the role of Teresa Magbanua during the Philippine Revolution against Spain in the provinces of Capiz and Iloilo in the Western Visayas region from November to December 1898. Teresa Magbanua, who had a background as a schoolteacher in Iloilo, obtained her teaching certificate from Colegio de Dona Cecilia and completed her postgraduate education at the University of Santo Tomas in Manila. Magbanua led Filipino troops under the Katipunan organization, which was established in 1892 with the aim of opposing Spanish colonial rule. During the conflict with Spanish forces, Magbanua and her troops employed guerrilla warfare strategies. Her struggle concluded in December 1898 with the signing of the Treaty of Paris between Spain and the United States. Furthermore, this paper will explore Magbanua's role in organizing military strategies and combat tactics during the Philippine Revolution. Following the end of the war, Philippine revolutionary leader Emilio Aguinaldo declared independence, marking the end of Spanish rule and the beginning of Philippine independence. This study will employ historical methods consisting of four stages: heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography, utilizing both primary sources such as archives and secondary sources such as books, journals, and dissertations. The findings of this research will highlight the impact of Teresa Magbanua's role after the Philippine Revolution and identify best practices that can be learned from her contributions to the revolution.
Keywords: Teresa Magbanua; Philippine Revolution; colonialism
Makalah ini akan membahas peran Teresa Magbanua di masa Revolusi Filipina ketika menghadapi Spanyol di Provinsi Capiz dan Iloilo di wilayah Visayas Barat pada November hingga Desember 1898. Teresa memiliki latar belakang sebagai guru sekolah di Iloilo. Ia meraih sertifikat guru di Colegio de Dona Cecilia dan berhasil menyelesaikan pendidikan pascasarjana di Universitas Santo Tomas, Manila. Teresa Magbanua memimpin pasukan tentara Filipina yang berada di bawah organisasi Katipunan. Katipunan adalah organisasi yang dibentuk pada 1892 yang bertujuan melawan kekuasaan kolonialisme Spanyol. Selama bertempur melawan kekuasaan Spanyol, Teresa Magbanua bersama pasukannya menggunakan strategi perang gerilya. Perjuangan Magbanua berakhir pada Desember 1898 dengan ditandatanganinya Perjanjian Paris antara Spanyol dengan Amerika Serikat. Lebih jauh, tulisan ini akan mengeksplorasi peran Magbanua dalam mengatur strategi perang dan taktik pertempuran di masa revolusi Filipina. Dengan berakhirnya perang, pemimpin revolusi Filipina yaitu Emilio Aguinaldo mendeklarasikan kemerdekaan yang menandai kemerdekaan Filipina dan berakhirnya kekuasaan Spanyol. Penelitian ini akan menggunakan metode sejarah yang terdiri dari empat tahapan yaitu heuristik, kritik, interpretasi dan historiografi, serta menggunakan baik sumber primer seperti arsip maupun sumber-sumber sekunder berupa literatur dalam bentuk buku, jurnal, dan disertasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah munculnya dampak dari peran Teresa Magbanua setelah Revolusi Filipina berlangsung dan adanya praktik baik yang dapat dipelajari dari peran Teresa Magbanua dalam revolusi.
References
Albina Peczon Fernandez (1996). If Women are the Best Men in the Philippines. Vol 6 No 1 (1996): Review of Women's Studies Volume V, Number 2 - Volume VI, Number 1 (1996), 123 - 140
Arcilla, Jose S. (1991). The Enlightenment and the Philippine Revolution. Philippine Studies, 39 (3), 358-373. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42633263
Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia (2023, July 11). Katipunan. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Katipunan
Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia (2024, March 27). Philippine Revolution. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/event/Philippine-Revolution
Doran, Christine. (1998.) Women in the Philippines Revolution. Philippine Studies 46 (3),361 - 375. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42634272
Escalante, Rene R. (2017). Bonifacio and the Katipunan in the Cuerpo de Vigilancia Archival
Collection. Philippine Studies: Historical & Ethnographic Viewpoints, 65 (4), 451- 483.
https://www.jstor.org/stable/26621977
Feliciano, Evelyn Miranda. (1989). Women in Revolution: The Philippine Version. Transformation, 1989, Vol. 6, No. 2 (1989), 8 - 11
Hega, Mylene D. Hega dkk. (2017). Feminism and Women's Movement in the Philippines: Struggles, Advances, And Challenges. Manila: Friedrich-Ebert- Stiftung.
Gibson, Thomas. (2013). The Hero Legend in Colonial Southeast Asia. Philippine Studies: Historical & Ethnographic Viewpoints, 61(4), 437 - 476 (online read)
Kennon, L.W.V. (1901). The Katipunan of the Philippines. The North American Reviews, 173 (537), 208 - 220. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25105201
Kuntowijoyo (1995). Pengantar Ilmu Sejarah. Yogyakarta: Bentang.
May, Glenn Anthony. (2007). Warfare by "Pulong" Bonifacio, Aguinaldo, and the Philippine Revolution Against Spain. Philippine Studies, 55 (4), 449-477.
https://www.jstor.org/stable/42633930
McFerson, Hazel M.(2002). Mixed Blessing: The Impact of the American Colonial Experience on Politics and Society in the Philippines. Connecticut: Greenwood Press
Quibuyen, Floro. (1997). Rizal and the Revolution. Philippine Studies, 45 (2), 225-257
https://www.jstor.org/stable/42634230
Pilapil, Vincente R. (1965). The Cause of the Philippine Revolution. Pacific Historical Review, 34 (3), 249-264. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3636522
Prameswari, Dita Putri. (2011). Jose Rizal dan Propaganda Kelompok Revolusi Filipina (1882 - 1896). Depok: Fakultas Ilmu Pengetahuan Budaya Universitas Indonesia
Scalice, Joseph. (2018). Reynaldo Ileto’s Pasyon and Revolution Revisited, a Critique. Sojourn: Journal of Social Issues in Southeast Asia , 33 (1),29-58. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/26529796
Waiko, Anne Neabilo Dickson. (1994). Dissertation 'A Woman's Place is in the Struggle' Feminism and Nationalism in the Philippines. Canberra: The Department of Political and Social Change Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies the Australian University
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Dita Putri Prameswari
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
a. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License - Share Alike that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
b. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
c. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
USER RIGHTS
All articles published Open Access will be immediately and permanently free for everyone to read and download. We are continuously working with our author communities to select the best choice of license options, currently being defined for this journal as follows: Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike (CC BY-SA)