Factors Affecting the Perceived Effectiveness in Preventing the Transmission of COVID-19 in Indonesia: Integrating the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior and Health Belief Model
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21512/bbr.v12i3.7112Keywords:
perceived effectiveness, COVID-19, Theory of Planned Behavior, Health Belief ModelAbstract
The coronavirus (COVID-19) is an infectious disease declared a pandemic worldwide by the World Health Organization (WHO). The purpose of the research was to look at the factors in public health behavior that affected the effectiveness of preventing the transmission of the COVID-19 based on the extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and Health Belief Model (HBM). The research was a correlational study. The research applied a purposive sampling method, with 483 respondents coming from various islands in Indonesia. Based on the analysis using Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM), TPB factors like individuals' behavioral intention to follow COVID-19 preventive measures are significantly affected by subjective norm and perceived behavior control. On the other hand, personal attitude does not significantly affect an individual's behavioral intention to follow COVID-19 prevention steps. HBM shows an individual’s behavior intention to follow the COVID-19 preventive measures is significant and directly affected by perceived severity, perceived barrier, perceived self-efficacy, and cues to action. Meanwhile, the perceived susceptibility and perceived benefits do not significantly and directly influence an individual's behavioral intention to follow the COVID-19 preventive measures. The findings from the research can be used to evaluate the effectiveness in several countries in facing the COVID-19 pandemic.
Plum Analytics
References
Abdullah, I. (2020). COVID-19: Threat and fear in Indonesia. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 12(5), 488-490. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000878
Alonge, O., Sonkarlay, S., Gwaikolo, W., Fahim, C., Cooper, J. L., & Peters, D. H. (2019). Understanding the role of community resilience in addressing the Ebola virus disease epidemic in Liberia: A qualitative study (Community resilience in Liberia). Global Health Action, 12(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2019.1662682
Balkhy, H. H., Abolfotouh, M. A., Al-Hathlool, R. H., & Al-Jumah, M. A. (2010). Awareness, attitudes, and practices related to the swine influenza pandemic among the Saudi public. BMC Infectious Diseases, 10(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-10-42
Chan, J. F. W., Yuan, S., Kok, K. H., To, K. K. W., Chu, H., Yang, J., ... & Yuen, K. Y. (2020). A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: A study of a family cluster. The Lancet, 395(10223), 514-523. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30154-9
Chan, S. S., Leung, G. M., Tiwari, A. F., Salili, F., Leung, S. S., Wong, D. C., ... & Lam, T. H. (2005). The impact of work-related risk on nurses during the SARS outbreak in Hong Kong. Family & Community Health, 28(3), 274-287. https://doi.org/10.1097/00003727-200507000-00008
Cui, B., Liao, Q., Lam, W. W. T., Liu, Z. P., & Fielding, R. (2017). Avian influenza A/H7N9 risk perception, information trust and adoption of protective behaviours among poultry farmers in Jiangsu Province, China. BMC Public Health, 17(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4364-y
De Salazar, P. M., Niehus, R., Taylor, A., Buckee, C., & Lipsitch, M. (2020). Using predicted imports of 2019-nCoV cases to determine locations that may not be identifying all imported cases. MedRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.04.20020495
Djalante, R., Lassa, J., Setiamarga, D., Sudjatma, A., Indrawan, M., Haryanto, B., ... & Warsilah, H. (2020). Review and analysis of current responses to COVID-19 in Indonesia: Period of January to March 2020. Progress in Disaster Science, 6(March), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdisas.2020.100091
Etikan, I., Musa, S. A., & Alkassim, R. S. (2016). Comparison of convenience sampling and purposive sampling. American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 5(1), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20160501.11
Fan, J., Liu, X., Shao, G., Qi, J., Li, Y., Pan, W., ... & Bao, S. (2020). The epidemiology of reverse transmission of COVID-19 in Gansu Province, China. Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease, 37(September–October), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101741
Gunawan, G., Nugraha, Y., Sulastiana, M., & Harding, D. (2019). Reliabilitas dan validitas konstruk work life balance di Indonesia. JPPP: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengukuran Psikologi, 8(2), 88-94. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPPP.082.05
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2014). A primer on Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Hanoatubun, S. (2020). Dampak Covid–19 terhadap prekonomian Indonesia. EduPsyCouns: Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling, 2(1), 146-153.
Huang, C., Wang, Y., Li, X., Ren, L., Zhao, J., Hu, Y., ... & Cao, B. (2020). Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. The Lancet, 395(10223), 497-506. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5
Jatmiko, B. P. (2020). Perekonomian Indonesia pasca-pandemi COVID-19. Retrieved from https://money.kompas.com/read/2020/05/10/091500226/perekonomian-indonesiapasca-pandemi-COVID-19?page=all
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2020). Pedoman pencegahan dan pengendalian Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) revisi ke-5. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.
Li, J. B., Yang, A., Dou, K., Wang, L. X., Zhang, M. C., & Lin, X. Q. (2020a). Chinese public’s knowledge, perceived severity, and perceived controllability of COVID-19 and their associations with emotional and behavioural reactions, social participation, and precautionary behaviour: A national survey. BMC Public Health, 20(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09695-1
Li, Q., Guan, X., Wu, P., Wang, X., Zhou, L., Tong, Y., ... & Feng, Z. (2020b). Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus–infected pneumonia. The New England Journal of Medicine, 382, 1199-1207. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2001316
Mahardika, H., Thomas, D., Ewing, M. T., & Japutra, A. (2020). Comparing the temporal stability of behavioural expectation and behavioural intention in the prediction of consumers pro-environmental behaviour. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 54(May), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2019.101943
Milne, S., Sheeran, P., & Orbell, S. (2000). Prediction and intervention in health‐related behavior: A meta‐analytic review of protection motivation theory. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 30(1), 106-143. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2000.tb02308.x
Norberg, M., & Rucker, D. (2020). Ada alasan psikologis di balik panic buying. Ada cara psikologis juga untuk menghindari perilaku itu. Retrieved from https://theconversation.com/ada-alasan-psikologis-di-balik-panic-buying-ada-cara-psikologis-juga-untuk-menghindari-perilaku-itu-135437
Orji, R., Vassileva, J., & Mandryk, R. (2012). Towards an effective health interventions design: An extension of the health belief model. Online Journal of Public Health Informatics, 4(3). https://doi.org/10.5210/ojphi.v4i3.4321
Prasetyo, Y. T., Castillo, A. M., Salonga, L. J., Sia, J. A., & Seneta, J. A. (2020). Factors affecting perceived effectiveness of COVID-19 prevention measures among Filipinos during enhanced community quarantine in Luzon, Philippines: Integrating Protection Motivation Theory and extended Theory of Planned Behavior. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 99, 312-323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.07.074
Razak, N. A., Marmaya, N. H., Karim, R. A., Wee, N. M. B. M. F., & Ridzuan, A. R. B. (2018). Adaptive behavior towards work environment among internship students. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 8(11), 130-137. http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v8-i11/4889
Rizal, J. G. (2020). Pandemi COVID-19, apa saja dampak pada sektor ketenagakerjaan Indonesia? Retrieved from https://www.kompas.com/tren/read/2020/08/11/102500165/pandemi-COVID-19-apa-saja-dampak-pada-sektor-ketenagakerjaan-indonesia-?page=all
Seale, H., Heywood, A. E., Leask, J., Sheel, M., Thomas, S., Durrheim, D. N., ... & Kaur, R. (2020). COVID-19 is rapidly changing: Examining public perceptions and behaviors in response to this evolving pandemic. PLOS ONE, 15(6), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0235112
Schwartz, J., & Yen, M. Y. (2017). Toward a collaborative model of pandemic preparedness and response: Taiwan's changing approach to pandemics. Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection, 50(2), 125-132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2016.08.010
Shahnazi, H., Ahmadi-Livani, M., Pahlavanzadeh, B., Rajabi, A., Hamrah, M. S., & Charkazi, A. (2020). Assessing preventive health behaviors from COVID-19: A cross sectional study with health belief model in Golestan Province, Northern of Iran. Infectious Diseases of Poverty, 9(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00776-2
Shereen, M. A., Khan, S., Kazmi, A., Bashir, N., & Siddique, R. (2020). COVID-19 infection: Origin, transmission, and characteristics of human coronaviruses. Journal of Advanced Research, 24(July), 91-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2020.03.005
Shi, H., Han, X., Jiang, N., Cao, Y., Alwalid, O., Gu, J., ... & Zheng, C. (2020). Radiological findings from 81 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: A descriptive study. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 20(4), 425-434. https://doi.org/10.1016/ S1473-3099(20)30086-4
Shirouyehzad, H., Jouzdani, J., & Karimvand, M. K. (2020). Fight against COVID-19: A global efficiency evaluation based on contagion control and medical treatment. Journal of Applied Research on Industrial Engineering, 7(2), 109-120. https://doi.org/10.22105/jarie.2020.225087.1146
Sohrabi, C., Alsafi, Z., O'neill, N., Khan, M., Kerwan, A., Al-Jabir, A., ... & Agha, R. (2020). World Health Organization declares global emergency: A review of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19). International Journal of Surgery, 76(April), 71-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.02.034
Subbarao, K., & Mahanty, S. (2020). Respiratory virus infections: Understanding COVID-19. Immunity, 52(6), 905-909. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2020.05.004
Sulat, J. S., Prabandari, Y. S., Sanusi, R., Hapsari, E. D., & Santoso, B. (2018). The validity of health belief model variables in predicting behavioral change: A scoping review. Health Education, 118(6), 499-512. https://doi.org/10.1108/HE-05-2018-0027
Tarkang, E. E., & Zotor, F. B. (2015). Application of the Health Belief Model (HBM) in HIV prevention: A literature review. Central African Journal of Public Health, 1(1), 1-8.
WHO. (2021a). Critical preparedness, readiness and response actions for COVID-19. Retrieved February 5th 2021 from https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/critical-preparedness-readiness-and-response-actions-for-COVID-19
WHO. (2021b). COVID-19 situation in the WHO South-East Asia Region. Retrieved February 6th 2021 from https://experience.arcgis.com/experience/56d2642cb379485ebf78371e744b8c6a
WHO. (2021c). Data at WHO. Retrieved February 6th 2021 from https://www.who.int/data
Xu, X., Chen, P., Wang, J., Feng, J., Zhou, H., Li, X., ... & Hao, P. (2020). Evolution of the novel coronavirus from the ongoing Wuhan outbreak and modeling of its spike protein for risk of human transmission. Science China Life Sciences, 63(3), 457-460. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11427-020-1637-5
Yunus, N. R., & Rezki, A. (2020). Kebijakan pemberlakuan lock down sebagai antisipasi penyebaran corona virus Covid-19. Salam: Jurnal Sosial dan Budaya Syar-i, 7(3), 227-238. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjsbs.v7i3.15083
Zavareh, M. F., Hezaveh, A. M., & Nordfjærn, T. (2018). Intention to use bicycle helmet as explained by the health belief model, comparative optimism and risk perception in an Iranian sample. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 54(April), 248-263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2018.02.003
Zhu, N., Zhang, D., Wang, W., Li, X., Yang, B., Song, J., ... & Tan, W. (2020). A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. The New England Journal of Medicine, 382, 727-733. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2001017
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Dino Caesaron, Yunita Nugrahaini Safrudin, Sheila Amalia Salma, Tiara Verita Yastica, Afin Rizqi Pramadya
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
a. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License - Share Alike that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
b. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
c. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
USER RIGHTS
All articles published Open Access will be immediately and permanently free for everyone to read and download. We are continuously working with our author communities to select the best choice of license options, currently being defined for this journal as follows: Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike (CC BY-SA)
