Project-Based Learning for Student-Produced PSA on Mental Health and the SDGs

Authors

  • Hery Supiarza Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
  • Harry Tjahjodiningrat Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
  • Danendra Alfathadiningrat Vancouver Film School, Canada

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21512/humaniorajicas.v17i1.13829

Keywords:

Project-Based Learning (PBL), Public Service Announcement (PSA), mental health, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), visual analysis

Abstract

Public Service Announcements (PSAs) represent a powerful medium for social communication, particularly in addressing complex issues such as mental health. However, limited research explores how students, as members of Generation Z, design PSAs within higher education frameworks that integrate global sustainability agendas. This study investigates how Project-Based Learning (PBL) enables students to conceptualize and produce PSAs on mental health in alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Using a qualitative participatory approach combined with visual content analysis, this study examines 33 PSAs produced by Communication and Film students at Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia. The findings reveal distinct disciplinary orientations in PSA design. Communication students prioritize clarity and directness through textual and verbal strategies, whereas Film students emphasize symbolic depth and aesthetic experimentation. Two representative PSAs, Nomophobia and They Just Want to Be Heard, are analyzed in detail to illustrate these differences. The analysis highlights contrasts in narrative structure, cinematography, and sound design across disciplines. The results demonstrate that Communication students ensure accessibility, while Film students enhance emotional resonance, suggesting complementary strengths. Overall, the study contributes to communication research by linking narrative and audiovisual strategies with PSA effectiveness. It also contributes to education by illustrating the role of PBL in fostering collaboration and critical awareness among students. Additionally, the findings support SDG-related scholarship by demonstrating how student-produced media advances mental health literacy as part of sustainable development.

Dimensions

Author Biographies

Hery Supiarza, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Lecturer in the Film and Television Studies Program at Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia. His academic expertise focuses on sound culture and the study of moving image art, with particular interests in sound, music, and audiovisual media within cultural and educational contexts.

Harry Tjahjodiningrat, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Study Program Film And Television 

Danendra Alfathadiningrat, Vancouver Film School, Canada

Sound Design for Visual Media Program

References

Acuña-Rodríguez, M. P., Fiorillo-Moreno, O., Montoya-Quintero, K. F., & Mansaray, F. T. (2025). Mental health workforce inequities across income levels: Aligning global health indicators, policy readiness, and disease burden. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 18, 1449-1454. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S532912

Alhabash, S., Dong, Y., Moureaud, C., Muraro, I. S., & Hertig, J. B. (2022). Effects of fear and humor appeals in public service announcements (PSAs) on intentions to purchase medications via social media. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(19), 12340. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912340

Bulley, B. K., Tirumala, S., Mahamkali, B. S., Sakib, M. N., Ahmed, S., & Dey, S. (2024). The dual role of student and creator: Exploring the TikTok experience. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work, CSCW, 635-641. https://doi.org/10.1145/3678884.3681918

Butler, N., Quigg, Z., Bates, R., Jones, L., Ashworth, E., Gowland, S., & Jones, M. (2022). The contributing role of family, school, and peer supportive relationships in protecting the mental wellbeing of children and adolescents. School Mental Health, 14(3), 776-788. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12310-022-09502-9

Chahine, I. C. (2023). Advancing innovation in global education: Reflective experiences of prospective teachers as difference makers. Education as Change, 27, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.25159/1947-9417/12772

Chen, P., & Ha, L. (2023). Gen Z’s social media use and global communication. Online Media and Global Communication, 2(3), 301-303. https://doi.org/10.1515/omgc-2023-2006

Cinar, A. B., & Bilodeau, S. (2022). Sustainable workplace mental well being for sustainable SMEs: How? Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(9), 5290. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14095290

Cohn, N., & Foulsham, T. (2020). Zooming in on the cognitive neuroscience of visual narrative. Brain and Cognition, 146, 105634. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2020.105634

da Costa Júnior, E. P. (2021). Memories from the darkness in the films of Pedro Costa and Affonso Uchôa. Comparative Cinema, 9(17), 38-56. https://doi.org/10.31009/cc.2021.v9.i17.03

Devkota, G., Basnet, P., Thapa, B., & Subedi, M. (2021). Factors affecting utilization of mental health services from Primary Health Care (PHC) facilities of western hilly district of Nepal. PLoS ONE, 16(4), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250694

Ecker, U. K., Butler, L. H., & Hamby, A. (2020). You don’t have to tell a story! A registered report testing the effectiveness of narrative versus non-narrative misinformation corrections. Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 5(1), 1-26. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41235-020-00266-x

Ejiohuo, O., Onyeaka, H., Unegbu, K. C., Chikezie, O. G., Odeyemi, O. A., Lawal, A., & Odeyemi, O. A. (2024). Nourishing the mind: How food security influences mental wellbeing. Nutrients, 16(4), 501. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16040501

Serin, H. (2023). Teaching mathematics: The role of project-based learning. International Journal of Social Sciences & Educational Studies, 10(2), 378-382. https://doi.org/10.23918/ijsses.v10i2p378

Haryono, H. E., Zayyadi, M., Marzuqi, I., & Kaniawati, I. (2024). The effectiveness of collaborative e-learning-based learning in reducing student misconceptions on heat in East Java high schools during Merdeka Belajar. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(8), 4543-4550. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i8.8179

Iyer, A., Webster, J., Hornsey, M. J., & Vanman, E. J. (2014). Understanding the power of the picture: The effect of image content on emotional and political responses to terrorism. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 44(7), 511-521. https://doi.org/10.1111/jasp.12243

Jamaludin, J. (2024). Optimizing the role of mosques in supporting the implementation of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to improve the mental health of Generation Z in Mataram City: A Conceptual Research. JISIP (Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Pendidikan), 8(2) 1286-1292. http://dx.doi.org/10.58258/jisip.v8i2.6766

Kalla, M., Jerowsky, M., Howes, B., & Borda, A. (2022). Expanding formal school curricula to foster action competence in sustainable development: A proposed free-choice project-based learning curriculum. Sustainability, 14(23), 16315. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142316315

Karaba Bäckström, M., Girdler, S., Jonsson, U., Håkansson, C., & Lexén, A. (2025). ‘Navigating a lonely road to adulthood with an ever-changing map’; a framework and case study protocol exploring the transition to adulthood, mental health literacy and occupational balance among Swedish young adults. Plos one, 20(7), e0327617. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0327617

Kearney, M. D., Eaton, T. M., Grabill, M., Anderson, S., & Kumanyika, S. (2025). Evaluating operation good food & beverages, a black youth-driven public advocacy campaign. Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 12(5), 3473-3491. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40615-024-02150-6

Kemp, E., Cho, Y. N., Bui, M., & Kintzer, A. (2024). Music to the ears: The role of sonic branding in advertising. International Journal of Advertising, 43(6), 1039-1059. https://doi.org/10.1080/02650487.2023.2273645

Kullolli, T., & Trebicka, B. (2023). Generation Z and the evolution of social media: A two-decade analysis of impact and usage trends. Interdisciplinary Journal of Research and Development, 10(3), 77-83. https://doi.org/10.56345/ijrdv10n311

Lazard, A. J., Bamgbade, B. A., Sontag, J. M., & Brown, C. (2016). Using visual metaphors in health messages: A strategy to increase effectiveness for mental illness communication. Journal of Health Communication, 21(12), 1260-1268. https://doi.org/10.1080/10810730.2016.1245374

Lestari, A. N., Leksono, T. P., Khaidar, R., Alam, E. N., & Lazuardi, L. (2020). User acquisition and profile of COVID-19’s health education website: a descriptive study. Journal of Community Empowerment for Health, 3(2), 108. https://doi.org/10.22146/jcoemph.57050

Li, Y., Wu, C., & Wang, J. (2024). Enhancing early childhood education: Integrating theory and practice. Communications in Humanities Research, 32(1), 202-207. https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/32/20240071

Llopis-Albert, C., Rubio, F., Mata-Amela, V., Devece, C., Torner-Feltrer, M. E., & Zeng, S. (2024). Project-Based Learning methodology (PBL) for the acquisition of Transversal Competences (TCs) and integration of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in mechanical engineering subjects. Multidisciplinary Journal for Education, Social and Technological Sciences, 11(1), 99-126. https://doi.org/10.4995/muse.2024.21101

López, B. (2022). How higher education promotes the integration of sustainable development goals—An experience in the postgraduate curricula. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/su14042271

Lozano, A., López, R., Pereira, F. J., & Blanco Fontao, C. (2022). Impact of cooperative learning and project-based learning through emotional intelligence: A comparison of methodologies for implementing SDGs. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(24), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416977

Mackie, T. I., Ramella, L., Schaefer, A. J., Sridhar, M., Carter, A. S., Eisenhower, A., Ibitamuno, G. T., Petruccelli, M., Hudson, S. V., & Sheldrick, R. C. (2020). Multi-method process maps: An interdisciplinary approach to investigate ad hoc modifications in protocol-driven interventions. Journal of Clinical and Translational Science, 4(3), 260-269. https://doi.org/10.1017/cts.2020.14

Maltby, J., Rayes, T., Nage, A., Sharif, S., Omar, M., & Nichani, S. (2024). Synthesizing perspectives: Crafting an interdisciplinary view of social media’s impact on young people’s mental health. PLoS ONE, 19(7), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0307164

Marengo, D., Settanni, M., Mastrokoukou, S., Fabris, M. A., & Longobardi, C. (2024). Social media linked to early adolescent suicidal thoughts via cyberbullying and internalizing symptoms. International Journal of Bullying Prevention. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42380-024-00269-y

Mejia, C. R., Alvarez-Risco, A., Chamorro-Espinoza, S., Castillón-Lozano, J. A., Paucar, M. C., Padilla-F, V. J., Armada, J., Vilela-Estrada, M. A., Serna-Alarcón, V., Del-Aguila-Arcentales, S., & Yáñez, J. A. (2023). Crisis due to war: anxiety, depression and stress in the population of 13 Latin American countries. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 14, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1218298

Miconi, D., Santavicca, T., Frounfelker, R. L., Mounchingam, A. N., & Rousseau, C. (2024). Digital media use, depressive symptoms and support for violent radicalization among young Canadians: a latent profile analysis. BMC Psychology, 12(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-024-01739-0

Mishra, K. G., Afreen, A., & Patnaik, N. (2025). Effectiveness of a multi-component intervention including pictorial warnings to reduce sugar-sweetened beverage consumption - a randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-025-01800-0

Morganstein, J. C., & Ursano, R. J. (2020). Ecological disasters and mental health: Causes, consequences, and interventions. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00001

Muhorakeye, O., & Biracyaza, E. (2021). Exploring barriers to mental health services utilization at Kabutare district hospital of Rwanda: Perspectives From Patients. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.638377

Omelianenko, O., & Artyukhova, N. (2024). Project-based learning: Theoretical overview and practical implications for local innovation-based development. Economics & Education, 9(1), 35-41. https://doi.org/10.30525/2500-946x/2024-1-6

Pimpa, N. (2023). Teaching social business to Thai students: A case of LGBTIQ+ social business. Heliyon, 9(11).https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21324

Pratiwi, D., & Perdana, A. S. (2019). Circuit of culture: Advocating suicide prevention and eradication of mental illness associated stigma through “Into The Light Indonesia” campaign. Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 2(1), 191-212.

Prkno, D., Grafe, N., Schulz, M. S., Kiess, W., & Poulain, T. (2025). Children’s and adolescents’ negative internet experiences and the association with quality of life and behavioural difficulties: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Paediatrics Open, 9(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2024-003135

Quinapallo-Quintana, A. M., & Baldeón-Zambrano, A. X. (2024). Project-based learning. International Research Journal of Management, IT and Social Sciences, 11(1), 58-65. https://doi.org/10.21744/irjmis.v11n1.2415

Rahiem, M. D. H. (2021). Storytelling in early childhood education: Time to go digital. International Journal of Child Care and Education Policy, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40723-021-00081-x

Riordan, J. P., Hardman, M., & Cumbers, D. (2023). Pedagogy analysis framework: A video-based tool for combining teacher, pupil & researcher perspectives. Research in Science and Technological Education, 41(3), 906-927. https://doi.org/10.1080/02635143.2021.1972960

Ritchie-Dunham, J. L., Gonçalves, A. C., Huerta, M. A., Mataix, C., Lumbreras, J., Moreno-Serna, J., Spengler, J. D., & Purcell, W. M. (2023). Advancing sustainability leadership by shifting relational ‘agreement structures’: A transformational higher education change program. Journal of Integrative Environmental Sciences, 20(1), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1080/1943815X.2023.2190385

Robertson, E., Thomas, J., & Bailey, M. (2022). Creativity and the trauma of COVID-19: How do foundation level art and design students navigate a liminal journey during a pandemic? International Journal of Art and Design Education, 41(2), 268-282. https://doi.org/10.1111/jade.12405

Savić, N., Lazarević, J., Jeličić, A., & Grujić, F. (2024). Digital economy and new capitalism: Generation Z as consumer. Ekonomika Preduzeca, 72(1–2), 107-123. https://doi.org/10.5937/ekopre2402107s

Song, X., & A. Bakar, K. (2025). Visual emotive meaning in conservation advocacy: An analysis of WWF’s public service announcements. SAGE Open, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440251318416

Squires, J. S., & Affara, N. I. (2024). Encouraging undergraduate interdisciplinary engagement: A case study of biology in text and film. Journal of Language, Literature and Culture, 71(1), 8-23. https://doi.org/10.1080/20512856.2024.2427565

Troncoso, A., Soto, V., Gomila, A., & Martínez-Pernía, D. (2023). Moving beyond the lab: Investigating empathy through the Empirical 5E approach. Frontiers in Psychology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1119469

Tseng, H. Y., Chuang, H. C., Tang, D. L., & Wen, C. W. (2024). Using eye movement to determine whether closed-frame shots attract viewers’ attention. SAGE Open, 14(4). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241290629

Wicka, A., & Wicki, L. (2024). The importance of current megatrends and trends in the opinion of X and Z generations. Ekonomia, 29(4), 97-115. https://doi.org/10.19195/2658-1310.29.4.8

Wildy Hernanda, R., Rahma Sapitri, A., Al Adawiyah, K., Amalia, R., & Iman Muthaqin, D. (2022). SOMEAH (Solidaritas Mental Health) platform as an effort to increase civic disposition to Generation Z mental illness in the digital age. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, Volume 636 Annual Civic Education Conference (ACEC 2021).

Yadav, D. I. (2023). Sustainable development goals, education and psychological wellbeing: Challenges and way forward. International Journal of Social Science and Economic Research, 08(11), 3446-3452. https://doi.org/10.46609/ijsser.2023.v08i11.008

Yeremenko, J., Ulanovskaya, O., & Remesnik, E. (2021). Study of semiotic aspect in youth communication based on neurotechnologies. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 527, 226-230. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210322.113

Younes, N., & Hronis, A. (2023). A qualitative evaluation of a video gambling campaign among young Australians. Discover Psychology, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s44202-023-00084-4

Yung, V. (2021). A visual approach to interpreting the career of the network metaphor. Poetics, 88, 101566. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poetic.2021.101566

Zeng, J., & Abidin, C. (2021). ‘#OkBoomer, time to meet the Zoomers’: Studying the memefication of intergenerational politics on TikTok. Information, Communication & Society, 24(16), 2459-2481. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2021.1961007

Zhu, J., Yang, H., He, H., Wang, W., Tuo, Z., Cheng, W. H., Gao, L., Song, J., & Fu, J. (2023). MovieFactory: Automatic movie creation from text using large generative models for language and images. Proceedings of the 31st ACM International Conference on Multimedia, 9313-9319. https://doi.org/10.1145/3581783.3612707

Zips, S., & Holendová, J. (2023). An in-depth analysis of Generation Z selected motives for active TikTok usage. ACC JOURNAL, 29(2), 112-124. https://doi.org/10.2478/acc-2023-0009

Downloads

Published

2026-01-05

How to Cite

Supiarza, H., Tjahjodiningrat, H., & Alfathadiningrat, D. (2026). Project-Based Learning for Student-Produced PSA on Mental Health and the SDGs . Humaniora: Journal of Indonesian Culture and Society, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.21512/humaniorajicas.v17i1.13829
Abstract 222  .
PDF downloaded 12  .