Development of Sharing Economy Business Model for Company Sustainability: A Case Study on Gojek

Authors

  • Lily Elvina Dewi Universitas Universal
  • Didi Sundiman Universitas Universal

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21512/bbr.v14i1.8598

Keywords:

sharing economy, business model, company sustainability

Abstract

The definition of the sharing economy is still unclear and causes inconsistent research contributions and the application of the concept of the sharing economy business model. The research focused on developing sharing economy business model that supported sharing economy for company sustainability. The research approach was a qualitative research, the  object was data related to the sharing economy business model on company sustainability. The sample data were collected from consumers’ comments and reviews on the Gojek application on Google Playstore. The data used were 23.888 reviews. Then, Bigram was used as text processing and language developed by the system to identify topics in the comment data using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic modeling to determine trending topics. The results show that the sharing economy business model have an important role in company sustainability. There are important elements, such as type of platform, shared practice, place of interaction, review system, and revenue stream. The research also provides additional contributions to scientific development in the managerial field. It is expected to support the sharing economy theory and business model. Last, the research results can support and prove that the sustainable company is good at implementing the sharing economy business model for company sustainability.

Dimensions

Plum Analytics

Author Biographies

Lily Elvina Dewi, Universitas Universal

Program Studi Manajemen

Didi Sundiman, Universitas Universal

Program Studi Manajemen

References

Akhmedova, A., Manresa, A., Escobar Rivera, D., & Bikfalvi, A. (2021). Service quality in the sharing economy: A review and research agenda. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 45(4), 889–910. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12680

Amanda, S., & Sari, N. (2021). Platform layanan ekonomi berbagi: Studi kualitas layanan dan kepercayaan terhadap keberlanjutan penggunaan dengan religiusitas sebagai moderasi. Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Indonesia, XI(2), 115–123.

Atstaja, D., Koval, V., Grasis, J., Kalina, I., Kryshtal, H., & Mikhno, I. (2022). Sharing model in circular economy towards rational use in sustainable production. Energies, 15(3), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15030939

Bachri, B. S. (2010). Meyakinkan validitas data melalui triangulasi pada penelitian kualitatif. Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan, 10(1), 46–62.

Blei, D. M., Ng, A. Y., & Jordan, M. I. (2003). Latent dirichlet allocation. Journal of Machine Learning Research, 3, 993–1022.

Carroll, A. B. (2021). Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and the COVID-19 pandemic: Organizational and managerial implications. Journal of Strategy and Management, 14(3), 315–330. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSMA-07-2021-0145

Carter, N., Bryant-Lukosius, D., DiCenso, A., Blythe, J., & Neville, A. J. (2014). The use of triangulation in qualitative research. Oncology Nursing Forum, 41(5), 545–547. https://doi.org/10.1188/14.ONF.545-547

Česnuityte, V., Klimczuk, A., Miguel, C., & Avram, G. (2022). The sharing economy in Europe: Developments, practices, and contradictions. Palgrave Macmillan.

Chaerunisa, F., Darmastuti, S., & Widiastutie, S. (2022). Foreign direct investment of Indonesian leading startup unicorn in Vietnam to enhance digital workforce skills. International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, 9(7), 147–163.

Chen, Y., Prentice, C., Weaven, S., & Hsiao, A. (2022). A systematic literature review of AI in the sharing economy. Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science, 32(3), 434–451. https://doi.org/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808850

Cheng, L. C., & Sharmayne, L. R. (2020). Analysing digital banking reviews using text mining. In 2020 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM) (pp. 914–918). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ASONAM49781.2020.9381429

Cheng, M. (2016). Current sharing economy media discourse in tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 60(September), 111–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2016.07.001

Ciulli, F., & Kolk, A. (2019). Incumbents and business model innovation for the sharing economy: Implications for sustainability. Journal of Cleaner Production, 214(March), 995–1010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.12.295

Clinton, L., & Whisnant, R. (2019). Business model innovations for sustainability. In G. G. Lenssen & N. C. Smith (Eds.), Managing sustainable business. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1144-7_22

Curtis, S. K. (2021). Business model patterns in the sharing economy. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 27(July), 1650–1671. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2021.04.009

Curtis, S. K., & Lehner, M. (2019). Defining the sharing economy for sustainability. Sustainability, 11(3), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11030567

Curtis, S. K., & Mont, O. (2020). Sharing economy business models for sustainability. Journal of Cleaner Production, 266(September), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121519

Da Silva Cruz, F. M., & De Freitas, A. A. F. (2021). I felt at home: Analysis of reviews of collaborative hosting experiences on the Airbnb website through the prism of trust. Revista Brasileira De Pesquisa Em Turismo, 15(3), 1–16, May./Aug. http://dx.doi.org/10.7784/rbtur.v15i3.2026

Dabbous, A., & Tarhini, A. (2021). Does sharing economy promote sustainable economic development and energy efficiency? Evidence from OECD countries. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 6(1), 58–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2020.11.001

Fathara, R. N., Rizal, M., Arifianti, R., & Husna, A. (2021). Strategi model bisnis UMKM kuliner untuk bertahan di era COVID-19. Bahtera Inovasi, 4(2), 111–119. https://doi.org/10.31629/bi.v4i2.3434

Filser, M., Kraus, S., Breier, M., Nenova, I., & Puumalainen, K. (2021). Business model innovation: Identifying foundations and trajectories. Business Strategy and the Environment, 30(2), 891–907. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2660

Franco, M. A. (2019). A system dynamics approach to product design and business model strategies for the circular economy. Journal of Cleaner Production, 241(December), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118327

Gao, P., & Li, J. (2020). Understanding sustainable business model: A framework and a case study of the bike-sharing industry. Journal of Cleaner Production, 267(September). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122229

Gojek. (2021). Tentang. Retrieved from https://www.gojek.com/id-id/about/

Guyader, H., & Piscicelli, L. (2019). Business model diversification in the sharing economy: The case of GoMore. Journal of Cleaner Production, 215(April), 1059–1069. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.01.114

Hamari, J., Sjöklint, M., & Ukkonen, A. (2016). The sharing economy: Why people participate in collaborative consumption. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 67(9), 2047–2059. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.23552

Hefner, D., Rinke, E., & Schneider, F. M. (2019). The POPC citizen: Political information in the fourth age of political communication. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/vjzer

Henry, M., Schraven, D., Bocken, N., Frenken, K., Hekkert, M., & Kirchherr, J. (2021). The battle of the buzzwords: A comparative review of the circular economy and the sharing economy concepts. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 38(March), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eist.2020.10.008

Hidayat, Z. (2021). Sustainable development through sharing economy: Contribution of online transportation to urban everyday life. In 2nd Southeast Asian Academic Forum on Sustainable Development (SEA-AFSID 2018) (pp. 277–284). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.210305.050

Hossain, M. (2020). Sharing economy: A comprehensive literature review. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 87(May), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102470

Issock Issock, P. B., Mpinganjira, M., & Roberts-Lombard, M. (2020). Modelling green customer loyalty and positive word of mouth: Can environmental knowledge make the difference in an emerging market? International Journal of Emerging Markets, 15(3), 405–426. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOEM-09-2018-0489

Itani, O. S., Krush, M. T., Agnihotri, R., & Trainor, K. J. (2020). Social media and customer relationship management technologies: Influencing buyer-seller information exchanges. Industrial Marketing Management, 90(October), 264–275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2020.07.015

Jelodar, H., Wang, Y., Yuan, C., Feng, X., Jiang, X., Li, Y., & Zhao, L. (2019). Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and topic modeling: Models, applications, a survey. Multimedia Tools and Applications, 78(11), 15169–15211. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-018-6894-4

Kumar, A., & Ayedee, N. (2021). An interconnection between COVID-19 and climate change problem. Journal of Statistics and Management Systems, 24(2), 281–300. https://doi.org/10.1080/09720510.2021.1875568

Li, C. Y., & Tsai, M. C. (2022). What makes guests trust Airbnb? Consumer trust formation and its impact on continuance intention in the sharing economy. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 50(March), 44–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2021.12.001

Li, Z., Hong, Y., & Zhang, Z. (2021). The empowering and competition effects of the platform-based sharing economy on the supply and demand sides of the labor market. Journal of Management Information Systems, 38(1), 140–165. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.2021.1870387

Lüdeke-Freund, F. (2020). Sustainable entrepreneurship, innovation, and business models: Integrative framework and propositions for future research. Business Strategy and the Environment, 29(2), 665–681. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2396

Mardhiyah, K., Islami, A., Gusdiansyah, F., Saputra, F., & Farma, S. A. (2021). Ecoby techno system, organic waste management into eco-enzyme products to support zero waste Indonesian market. International Journal of Ethnoscience, Bio-Informatic, Innovation, Invention and Techno-Science, 1(1), 8–14.

Martin, C. J. (2016). The sharing economy: A pathway to sustainability or a nightmarish form of neoliberal capitalism? Ecological Economics, 121(January), 149–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2015.11.027

Massa, L., Tucci, C. L., & Afuah, A. (2017). A critical assessment of business model research. Academy of Management Annals, 11(1), 73–104. https://doi.org/10.5465/annals.2014.0072

Mauri, A. G., Minazzi, R., Nieto-García, M., & Viglia, G. (2018). Humanize your business. The role of personal reputation in the sharing economy. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 73(July), 36–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2018.01.017

Mercuri, F., Della Corte, G., & Ricci, F. (2021). Blockchain technology and sustainable business models: A case study of Devoleum. Sustainability, 13(10), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13105619

Na, Y. K., Kang, S., & Jeong, H. Y. (2019). The effect of market orientation on performance of sharing economy business: Focusing on marketing innovation and sustainable competitive advantage. Sustainability, 11(3), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11030729

Natalia, L., & Harris, I. (2022). Pengaruh knowledge management terhadap total quality management dan corporate sustainability pada perusahaan gas industri. Kompleksitas: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, Organisasi dan Bisnis, 11(1), 14–25.

Nonaka, I., & Takeuchi, H. (2021). Humanizing strategy. Long Range Planning, 54(4), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2021.102070

Parente, R. C., Geleilate, J. G., & Rong, K. (2018). The sharing economy globalization phenomenon : A research agenda. Journal of International Management, 24(1), 52–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intman.2017.10.001

Patton, M. Q. (1999). Enhancing the quality and credibility of qualitative analysis. Health Services Research, 34(5 Pt 2), 1189–1208.

Plewnia, F., & Guenther, E. (2018). Mapping the sharing economy for sustainability research. Management Decision, 56(3), 570–583. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-11-2016-0766

Pradana, M. N. R. (2021). Faktor determinasi tercapainya visi, misi dan tujuan organisasi. Journal of Sustainable Business Hub, 2(1), 57–62.

Räisänen, J., Ojala, A., & Tuovinen, T. (2021). Building trust in the sharing economy: Current approaches and future considerations. Journal of Cleaner Production, 279(January), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123724

Reuter, E. (2022). Hybrid business models in the sharing economy: The role of business model design for managing the environmental paradox. Business Strategy and the Environment, 31(2), 603–618. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2939

Schmitt, J. B., Debbelt, C. A., & Schneider, F. M. (2018). Too much information? Predictors of information overload in the context of online news exposure. Information Communication & Society, 21(8), 1151–1167. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2017.1305427

Setiaji, B., & Wibowo, F. W. (2016). Chatbot using a knowledge in database: Human-to-machine conversation modeling. In 2016 7th International Conference on Intelligent Systems, Modelling and Simulation (ISMS) (pp. 72–77). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISMS.2016.53

Sridadi, A. R. (2014). Kajian atas konsep “ sustainable competitive advantage ” dari Nicole P. Hoffman dan pengembangannya. Neo-Bis, 8(1), 1–18.

Steffen, A., & Doppler, S. (2019). 14 - Building consumer trust and satisfaction through sustainable business practices with organic supermarkets: The case of Alnatura. In J. Byrom & D. Medway (Eds.), Case studies in food retailing and distribution (pp. 205–228). Woodhead Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-102037-1.00014-1

Sundiman, D., & Kristina, N. (2021). Future business trends, has it led to a sustainable business? RINarxiv.

Teece, D. J. (2010). Business models, business strategy and innovation. Long Range Planning, 43(2–3), 172–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2009.07.003

Tulchak, L. V., & Marchuk, A. O. (2016). History of Python (Thesis). Vinnytsia National Technical University.

Ulvenblad, P., Ulvenblad, P., & Tell, J. (2019). An overview of sustainable business models for innovation in Swedish agri-food production. Journal of Integrative Environmental Sciences, 16(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/1943815X.2018.1554590

Van Rossum, G., & Drake, F. L. (2003). An introduction to Python: Release 2.2.2. Network Theory Limited.

Viciunaite, V., & Alfnes, F. (2020). Informing sustainable business models with a consumer preference perspective. Journal of Cleaner Production, 242(January), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118417

Wang, D., Yan, L., Ruan, F., & Zeng, X. (2022). An abductive analysis of debates on the impact of the sharing economy: A systematic review in a sustainable framework. Sustainability, 14(7), 1–28,

Wardhanie, A., & Wulandari, S. H. E. (2021). Gaining user trust in crowdsourcing startup using desirability business model (Case study at PT. Gojek in Surabaya). Empiricism Journal, 2(2), 47–52. https://doi.org/10.36312/ej.v2i2.557

Yuniastuti, E., Laksmono, B. S., & Sardjono, W. (2019). Initiating social protection scheme in the sharing economy industry (Case of Indonesia Go-Jek rider). International Journal of Management (IJM), 10(5), 128–144. https://doi.org/10.34218/IJM.10.5.2019.012

Yusra, Y. (2020). Upaya platform “sharing economy” membantu mitra di tengah pandemi. Retrieved from https://dailysocial.id/post/upaya-platform-sharing-economy-membantu-mitra-di-tengah-pandemi

Downloads

Published

2022-12-19
Abstract 1037  .
PDF downloaded 1276  .