The Dialectic for National Unity:

Religious Exclusivism and Multicultural Challenges in Indonesian Communities

Abstract

The research examines religious discrimination against Christian communities in Salatiga City, a location frequently regarded as a model of religious tolerance and diversity in Indonesia. The novelty of the research lies in uncovering discriminatory practices within a city that officially promotes interfaith harmony, thereby revealing the gap between public discourse and lived experiences. Using a qualitative approach, the research provides insights into how religious exclusivism manifests even within contexts celebrated for their pluralistic values. Data are collected through interviews with three key informants—SH, M, and U—who experience forced displacement from the X subdistrict due to their religious identity. The interview data are analyzed using the Miles and Huberman analytical framework to identify recurring patterns and themes. The findings indicate various forms of discrimination, including social ostracism, restrictions on property ownership, prohibitions on worship, and forced evictions based on religious affiliation. This discrimination emerges from deeply rooted beliefs that perceive Christianity as incompatible with predominant local traditions and practices. What distinguishes the research is its focus on the micro-level dynamics of intolerance and how these practices challenge Indonesia's constitutional principles of religious freedom and unity in diversity. To address these challenges, the research proposes a multi-stakeholder intervention framework emphasizing leadership engagement, public education, and interfaith dialogue. By integrating empirical evidence with practical solutions, the research strengthens scholarly understanding of the challenges faced by religious minorities in Indonesia. It offers recommendations for fostering genuine pluralism and enhancing social cohesion at the community level.