Continuity and Change in Javanese Ornamental Art: A Case Study of Medallions from Penataran Temple and Mantingan Mosque
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21512/humaniora.v16i1.12401Keywords:
continuity change, design transformation, medallion-ornament, penataran temple, mantingan mosqueAbstract
This study explores the dynamics of cultural continuity and change in Javanese ornamental art during the significant transition from the Hindu-Buddhist era to the Islamic era. While previous research has often focused on Penataran Temple and Mantingan Mosque separately, this study fills a significant gap by providing a direct, micro-level comparison of their medallion ornaments. The research employs Ahadiat Joedawinata's theory of design change as a systematic analytical framework, allowing for an examination that goes beyond simple visual description. Each artifact is analyzed based on its technique, material, function, and symbolic meaning. The findings demonstrate a complex process of negotiation rather than mere replacement. Key elements of continuity are evident in the persistent use of the medallion format, low-relief carving techniques, and fauna motifs, such as the peacock. In contrast, significant changes are seen in the removal of mythological creatures, the introduction of geometric (arabesque) and floral motifs, and a stylistic shift from naturalistic deformation to abstract stylization, reflecting the adoption of Islamic aesthetic values. Ultimately, this study contributes a new analytical model—the 'Continuity and Change' framework—for interpreting cultural transformation in Nusantara. It illustrates how Javanese society creatively integrated new influences while preserving its core artistic heritage.
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