How Marketing Ethics Drives Customer Loyalty Through Consumer Empowerment in the Skincare Industry

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21512/becossjournal.v8i1.15835

Keywords:

Marketing Ethics, Consumer Empowerment, Customer Loyalty, Skincare Industry, Self-Determination Theory

Abstract

This study aims to examine the effect of marketing ethics on customer loyalty with consumer empowerment as a mediating variable in the skincare industry. Grounded in Self-Determination Theory (SDT), this research adopts a quantitative approach using survey data collected from 206 respondents who have used skincare products. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to evaluate both measurement and structural models. The results indicate that marketing ethics has a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty and consumer empowerment, while consumer empowerment also significantly influences customer loyalty. Furthermore, consumer empowerment is found to act as a complementary mediator, suggesting that ethical marketing strengthens loyalty both directly and indirectly by enhancing consumers’ sense of autonomy and control. These findings highlight the importance of transparency, honesty, and responsible communication in fostering long-term customer relationships. In conclusion, ethical marketing practices not only strengthen customer-brand relationships but also empower consumers, ultimately leading to sustainable customer loyalty.

Dimensions

Author Biographies

Catharina Clara, Musi Charitas Catholic University

Faculty of Business and Accounting, Management Program Study

Cindy Devilia Putri, Musi Charitas Catholic University

Faculty of Business and Accounting, Management Program Study

References

Alexander, B., & Kent, A. (2022). Change in technology-enabled omnichannel customer experiences in-store. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 65(January 2020), 102338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2020.102338

Azizah, F. D., Nur, A. N., & Putra, A. H. P. K. (2022). Impulsive Buying Behavior: Implementation of IT on Technology Acceptance Model on E-Commerce Purchase Decisions. Golden Ratio of Marketing and Applied Psychology of Business, 2(1), 58–72. https://doi.org/10.52970/grmapb.v2i1.173

Batat, W. (2025). “Binge delivery” behaviors among digital natives: a phygital exploration of status, empowerment, and vulnerability. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 28(5), 941–964. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/QMR-08-2024-0153

Buhalis, D., Leung, D., & Lin, M. (2023). Metaverse as a disruptive technology revolutionising tourism management and marketing. Tourism Management, 97(June 2022), 104724. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2023.104724

Cambier, F., & Poncin, I. (2020). Inferring brand integrity from marketing communications: The effects of brand transparency signals in a consumer empowerment context. Journal of Business Research, 109, 260–270. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.11.060

Cankül, D., Kaya, S., & Kızıltaş, M. Ç. (2024). The effect of gastronomic experience on restaurant image, customer perceived value, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. International Journal of Gastronomy and Food Science, 36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgfs.2024.100908

Chen, Z., Zhu, H., & Liu, F. (2023). Simulating wood companies development considering the effect of ethical marketing. Heliyon, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13038

Clara, C., & Angel, A. (2025). Revisiting Healthy Beverage Purchase Drivers Among Young Indonesian Consumers. Jurnal Manajemen Indonesia, 25(2), 101–117. https://doi.org/10.34818/jmi.v25i2.9005

Cooper, D. R., & Schindler, P. S. (2014). Business Research Methods (Twelfth). McGraw-Hill/ Irwin.

Dai, B. (2018). Exploring consumers’ skincare retail patronage. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 43, 269–277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2018.04.002

Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2012). Self-Determination Theory. In P. A. M. Van Lange, A. W. Kruglanski, & E. T. Higgins (Eds.), Handbook of Theories of Social Psychology: Volume 1 (pp. 416–437). SAGE Publications Ltd. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446249215.n21

El-Sherbiny, Y. S., El-Bassiouny, N., & Hammad, H. (2022). Marketing ethics education and consumer wisdom: conceptualizing the relationship. Management & Sustainability: An Arab Review, 2(1), 87–105. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/MSAR-06-2022-0027

Frank, M., & Kohn, V. (2023). Understanding extra-role security behaviors: An integration of self-determination theory and construal level theory. Computers & Security, 132, 103386. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2023.103386

Gazi, M. A. I., Mamun, A. Al, Masud, A. Al, Senathirajah, A. R. bin S., & Rahman, T. (2024). The relationship between CRM, knowledge management, organization commitment, customer profitability and customer loyalty in telecommunication industry: The mediating role of customer satisfaction and the moderating role of brand image. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2024.100227

Gegen tana, Chai, J., & Li, H. (2024). Consumer empowerment in the ethical spectrum: Rethinking retention in live-streaming markets. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 81, 103970. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2024.103970

Gegez, A. E., & Sims, R. L. (2014). Ethical Attitudes toward Marketing Research Practices: A Cross-Cultural Study - ProQuest. Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 6(1), 49–63. https://www.proquest.com/docview/1628955062/fulltextPDF/FEDB0DDB870F4268PQ/4?accountid=199402

Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate Data Analysis (8th ed.). Annabel Ainscow. www.cengage.com/highered

Hair Jr., J. f., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). Classroom Companion: Business Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) Using R A Workbook. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80519-7

Handayani, F. P. (2025, May). Tren Skincare Terkini: Apa Brand Favorit Gen Z dan Milenial? Https://Info.Populix.Co/Articles/Tren-Skincare/.

Harvey, C., Hajli, N., & Hyman, M. R. (2022). Ethical issues in the application of new and emergent technologies of marketing. In Journal of Business Research (Vol. 141, pp. 111–112). Elsevier Inc. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.12.010

Herrero-Crespo, A. (2022). Webrooming or showrooming, that is the question: explaining omnichannel behavioural intention through the technology acceptance model and exploratory behaviour. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 26(3), 401–419. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFMM-05-2020-0091

Howarth, J. (2026, January 16). The Ultimate List of Beauty Industry Stats (2026). Https://Explodingtopics.Com/Blog/Beauty-Industry-Stats.

Ikonomou, L., Cuende, N., Forte, M., Grilley, B. J., Levine, A. D., Munsie, M., Rasko, J. E. J., Turner, L., Bidkhori, H. R., Ciccocioppo, R., Grignon, F., Srivastava, A., Weiss, D. J., Zettler, P., Levine, B. L., & (ECGT), I. C. on the E. of C. and G. T. (2023). International Society for Cell & Gene Therapy Position Paper: Key considerations to support evidence-based cell and gene therapies and oppose marketing of unproven products. Cytotherapy, 25(9), 920–929. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcyt.2023.03.002

Jiang, Y., & Stylos, N. (2021). Triggers of consumers’ enhanced digital engagement and the role of digital technologies in transforming the retail ecosystem during COVID-19 pandemic. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 172, 121029. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121029

Kamila, M. K., & Jasrotia, S. S. (2023). Ethics and marketing responsibility: A bibliometric analysis and literature review. Asia Pacific Management Review. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmrv.2023.04.002

Kelley, J. B., & Alden, D. L. (2016). Online brand community: through the eyes of Self-Determination Theory. Internet Research, 26(4), 790–808. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/IntR-01-2015-0017

Kumar, A., & Shankar, A. (2024). Building a sustainable future with enterprise metaverse in a data-driven era: A technology-organization-environment (TOE) perspective. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2024.103986

Laczniak, G. R., & Murphy, P. E. (2019). The role of normative marketing ethics. Journal of Business Research, 95, 401–407. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.07.036

Lee, C. M. J., Che-Ha, N., & Syed Alwi, S. F. (2021). Service customer orientation and social sustainability: The case of small medium enterprises. Journal of Business Research, 122, 751–760. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.12.048

LeRouge, C., Durneva, P., Lyon, V., & Thompson, M. (2022). Health Consumer Engagement, Enablement, and Empowerment in Smartphone-Enabled Home-Based Diagnostic Testing for Viral Infections: Mixed Methods Study. JMIR MHealth and UHealth, 10(6). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2196/34685

Lim, W. M., O’Connor, P., Nair, S., Soleimani, S., & Rasul, T. (2023). A foundational theory of ethical decision-making: The case of marketing professionals. Journal of Business Research, 158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.113579

Liu, Y., Liu, M. T., Pérez, A., Chan, W., Collado, J., & Mo, Z. (2021). The importance of knowledge and trust for ethical fashion consumption. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 33(5), 1175–1194. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-02-2020-0081/FULL/HTML

Matsuoka, K. (2022). Effects of revenue management on perceived value, customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty. Journal of Business Research, 148, 131–148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.04.052

Mishra, S. (2021). Consumer retention through phygital experience in omnichannel retailing: role of consumer empowerment and satisfaction. Journal of Strategic Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1080/0965254X.2021.1985594

Mugoni, E., Nyagadza, B., & Hove, P. K. (2023). Green reverse logistics technology impact on agricultural entrepreneurial marketing firms’ operational efficiency and sustainable competitive advantage. Sustainable Technology and Entrepreneurship, 2(2), 100034. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stae.2022.100034

Murphy, R. (2026, February 11). Local Consumer Review Survey 2026: Star Ratings Keep Rising, Old Reviews Don’t Cut It. Https://Www.Brightlocal.Com/Research/Local-Consumer-Review-Survey/.

Nadeem, W., Alimamy, S., & Ashraf, A. R. (2023). Navigating through difficult times with ethical marketing: Assessing consumers’ willingness-to-pay in the sharing economy. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2022.103150

Negm, E. (2024). Investigating consumers’ reactions towards female-empowerment advertising (femvertising) and female-stereotypical representations advertising (sex-appeal). Journal of Islamic Marketing, 15(4), 1078–1096. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-05-2022-0128

Odoom, R. (2025). Exploring consumer education and empowerment as a pathway to brand reputation and brand engagement in sustainable digital marketing. Sustainable Futures, 10, 101482. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101482

Oh, H. J., Cha, Y., & Kim, J.-N. (2023). Fans, friends, critics, and foes: How CSR-based stakeholder segmentation differentiates perceived corporate ethics, trust, and perceived brand quality. Public Relations Review, 49(2), 102317. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2023.102317

Park, H., & Kim, S.-Y. (2021). Consumer empowerment in corporate social responsibility: the effect of participatory CSR on company admiration and word-of-mouth communications. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 27(2), 346–367. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/CCIJ-02-2021-0025

Rahmawati, K., & Permana, E. (2025). Analisis Overclaim Marketing dalam Membangun Kepercayaan Konsumen pada Produk Daviena Skincare. Jurnal Bisnis, Ekonomi Syariah, dan Pajak (JBEP), 2(2), 155–167. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.61132/jbep.v2i2.1051

Rai, S., & Narwal, P. (2025). Behavioral insights into sustainable food consumption: A perspective from self-determination theory, theory of reasoned action, and environmental engagement. Journal of Environmental Management, 380, 125077. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125077

Salsabila, A. (2024, October 25). 5 Merek Diduga Skincare Overclaim yang Dibongkar Dokter Detektif, Ada Brand Ternama! Https://Disway.Id/Read/830922/5-Merek-Diduga-Skincare-Overclaim-Yang-Dibongkar-Dokter-Detektif-Ada-Brand-Ternama.

Satrio, D., Simanjuntak, M., Affa, A. S., Hutama, N. A., Atmanegara, S., Sudarso, A., Fiona, F., Clara, C., Sahir, S. H., & Suryani, W. (2023). Strategi dan Etika Pemasaran (A. Karim, Ed.; 1st ed., Vol. 1). Yayasan Kita Menulis. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/375082999_Strategi_dan_Etika_Pemasaran

Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research Methods for Business, A Skill Building Approach (7th ed., Vol. 7). John Wiley & Sons Ltd. www.wileypluslearningspace.com

Shirisha, M. (2018). Digital Marketing Importance in the New Era. International Journal of Engineering Technology Science and Research, 5(1), 612–617. http://www.ijetsr.com/images/short_pdf/1516243010_612-617-SJ51_ISSN10.pdf

Tran, M. T. (2026). Advancing retail and service strategies: AI-driven consumer behavior prediction, gamification, and ethical marketing. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 88, 104558. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2025.104558

Tweneboah-Koduah, E. Y., Adams, M., Amoakoh, M. N., & Braimah, S. M. (2022). Understanding flooding events in Ghana: a social marketing and self-determination theory perspective. Journal of Social Marketing, 12(4), 534–555. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/JSOCM-03-2021-0049

van Riel, A. C. R., Andreassen, T. W., Lervik-Olsen, L., Zhang, L., Mithas, S., & Heinonen, K. (2021). A customer-centric five actor model for sustainability and service innovation. Journal of Business Research, 136, 389–401. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.07.035

Yeh, H., Chang, T.-S., & Li, Y.-H. (2025). The role of gamification in enhancing consumer engagement at expositions through self-determination theory. Journal of Services Marketing, 39(5), 551–568. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/JSM-08-2024-0423

Yoganathan, V., Osburg, V. S., & Akhtar, P. (2019). Sensory stimulation for sensible consumption: Multisensory marketing for e-tailing of ethical brands. Journal of Business Research, 96, 386–396. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.06.005

Yu, J., Xie, J., & Lu, H. (2025). Virtual fitting room technology: unleashing the transformative potential for fashion brands’ retail operational performance. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 37(8), 2558–2577. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-06-2024-0844

Zhao, Q., Chen, C.-D., Cheng, H.-W., & Wang, J.-L. (2018). Determinants of live streamers’ continuance broadcasting intentions on Twitch: A self-determination theory perspective. Telematics and Informatics, 35(2), 406–420. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2017.12.018

Downloads

Published

2026-06-17

How to Cite

Clara, C., & Devilia Putri, C. (2026). How Marketing Ethics Drives Customer Loyalty Through Consumer Empowerment in the Skincare Industry . Business Economic, Communication, and Social Sciences Journal (BECOSS), 8(1), 57–71. https://doi.org/10.21512/becossjournal.v8i1.15835
Abstract 68  .
PDF downloaded 15  .