Lingua Cultura

Expressive Speech Act of British and American Culinary Review: Cross-Cultural Pragmatics Study

Annisa Kharismi — 2024-03-28

The research was conducted to uncover how American and British high school students utilize expressive speech acts for each other’s culinary representation. It examined the linguistic and cultural manifestations in which reviewers communicated their personal opinions and attitudes toward food. This research applied a descriptive-qualitative approach using Searle’s theory of the illocutionary point of speech act, which comprised the pragmatical characteristics focusing on the spoken form expression from both cultures. The data was collected from two video blogs from a YouTube channel called ‘Jolly’, with the title “British high-school students try American biscuits and gravy for the first time” and “Americans eat British comfort food for the first time” by using listening and note-taking techniques on the expressive speech act that occurred from the transcript of the video blog. The results show that both American and British high school students have expressive speech acts of surprise, preference, and disbelief. Yet, the unique traits of both cultures can be noticed in the way Americans express disgust while the British express humor.

Critical Discourse Analysis on Representation of Arab Spring in the Movie Alephia 2053

Indah Rarasati — 2024-03-28

The research aimed to find out the representation of the Arab Spring and described the forms of social dimensions in the movie Alephia. Alephia 2053 was a movie that told the story of an Arab country in the future that still adhered to a monarchical system of government. The story in Alephia 2053 had similarities to events in Arab countries. The reality was the chaos that occurred in Arab countries a few years ago, known as the Arab Spring. This research was designed using the descriptive qualitative research method with Norman Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis approach. The data analysis technique used was to analyze the data descriptively using Norman Fairclough’s perspective of Critical Discourse Analysis theory. The research finding reveals that the Arab Spring’s representation in the movie Alephia 2053 is in the form of a government coup and the democracy slogan action. The finding also indicates social dimensions as (a) in the text dimension, eleven words are fought for and contain forms of representation, relationships, and identity; (b) in discursive practice, three data contents support evidence of the ideological words; (c) in sociocultural practices, there are relations, social, and cultural processes in the form of information in the form of binary opposition between the regime, state officials and the people which describes three levels of sociocultural practices, namely situational, institutional, and social levels.

Revisiting Franco Moretti’s Concept and Practice of Literary Geography

Shuping Chen — 2024-03-28

The research talked about Franco Moretti, an influential Italian literary critic who had made significant contributions to the field of literary geography, a cross-disciplinary theory that utilized geographical methods to analyze and understand literary and cultural materials. Moretti’s approach to literary geography diverged from traditional and orthodox methods, offering a fresh perspective. This research applied a qualitative method with a close-reading approach to evaluate and explore Moretti’s conceptualization and implementation of literary geography through a systematic three-step research process. The first step involved identifying the intellectual and theoretical sources of inspiration that have influenced Moretti’s work. The second step focused on illuminating Moretti’s innovative understanding and interpretation of literary geography as well as his integration of literary maps into the analysis of literature. Lastly, the research investigated two case studies to further exemplify Moretti’s practices in the field of literary geography. The first case study regarded Jane Austen’s fiction, where Moretti’s approach unveils Austen’s geographical imagination of Britain in her novels. The second one centers on Mary Mitford’s ‘Our Village’, where Moretti discovered the circular narrative pattern. By undertaking these three comprehensive steps, this research offers valuable insights into literary geography’s conceptual and methodological dimensions. Additionally, it endeavors to cultivate a deeper appreciation for the interdisciplinary nature of literary geography, thereby inspiring scholars and researchers to delve further into the intersections between geography, literature, and culture.

Indonesians and Americans Bilingual Request Strategies in Indonesian and English

Imelda Wahyuni Husein — 2024-03-28

In cross-cultural communication, there are several things that need to be considered in order to avoid misunderstanding such as the addressee’s knowledge, experience, culture, and value. Different kind of request strategies in intercultural communication between Indonesian and American could lead into misunderstanding. This study aims to investigate Indonesians' and Americans’ request strategies changing when they speak English and Indonesian. This study used qualitative research involving five Indonesian and American speakers who speak English and Indonesian fluently. The data were collected through multiple resources such as DCT with certain situation which was distributed to the participants and observation and interview during the meeting with the participants. The findings showed that Indonesians tended to be more direct when they made requests in Indonesian, while they changed into indirect request strategies when they made request in English, while American participants tended to be indirect when they made requests in English even though some of them were direct and they changed into direct strategies when they made a request in Indonesian. This study also reveals that Indonesians tend to be more direct than Americans when they used their native language and it contradicts other studies that say Indonesians tend to use Indirect request and this also influenced American in the way they made a request in Indonesian. Therefore, it is suggested that having intercultural knowledge is important in language learning in order to avoid misunderstanding due to the differences of norms, values, and belief.

Creating E-Comic to Motivate Students to Learning Mandarin

Yi Ying — 2024-06-06

Along with the times and advances in technology, learning methods have also developed in a variety of ways. Digital comic books are a new learning method that can increase learning motivation. Illustrated learning media makes it easier for students to understand learning material. The questions in this study are: 1. How is the application of E-Comic in learning Mandarin; 2. What do students think about learning with E-Comic? This study used a qualitative method and 40 students studied Mandarin as respondents. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that all respondents (40 people) agree that applying learning media using digital comic books can provide positive results in learning Mandarin. All respondents thought that learning through E-Comic made it easier to understand grammatical material and helped compose sentences to construct conversations. Learning with comic book media is considered very interesting. Even though the learning process using comic book media took place online during the pandemic, learning with comic book media can create interactive learning and students become more creative and able to use various applications to make their own comics with the characters they choose. Learning with comic books can motivate students to learn Mandarin.

Audience Interpretation of the Film “Kamisama Wa Bali Ni Iru” Concerning Religiosity, Gender, and Economic Codes

Marisa Rianti Sutanto — 2024-06-21

“Kamisama wa Bali ni Iru” is a film by a Japanese director released in 2015 in the comedy-drama genre. This article aims to interpret the film “Kamisama wa Bali ni Iru” according to the audience’s perception, whether the Bali expressed in the film reflects Balinese ethnic identity. The film is almost entirely set in Bali, which is the space where the events in the film take place. Through a review of the narrative of “Kamisama wa Bali ni Iru” on the diegetic aspect, three things are dominantly reflected in the events of the film in the Balinese ‘space’, namely religiosity, gender, and the economy of society. By referring to the audience reception method, the audience who acted as the giver of meaning to the film text were nine young adults of Balinese ethnicity. Audience interpretation is understood through interviews, with questions set through the codes that appear in the scenes of the film, namely the codes of religiosity, gender, and the economy of society. The results of the interviews with the nine viewers are a reproduction of meaning into a new text, and the results of the viewers’ answers are categorized according to three positions: “dominant”, “negotiated”, and “oppositional”. The novelty of this research is that it proves that the movie Kamisawa wa Bali ni Iru can be a medium to introduce Bali, although it needs to be supported by explanations to avoid misperceptions regarding codes of religiosity and economy.

Metaphorical Representation in Social Criticism in Indonesian Comedy (Norman Fairclough Study)

Yohanes Redan Langoday — 2024-06-26

Metaphors play crucial role in shaping how to understand and interpret social reality. Through metaphors, speakers or writers can frame subjects or concepts in ways that influence the audience's perceptions and attitudes, perpetuating certain ideologies and power structures. This article aims to investigate the metaphorical representations employed by comedians in delivering social criticism through Indonesian stand-up comedy. Stand-up comedy prioritizes the individual performer's voice, but its success relies on the ability to make people laugh by tapping into shared cultural ideologies and societal power dynamics. Abdur Arsyad is an example of an Indonesian comedian who presents stand-up material containing social criticism of various societal issues and ideological assumptions. This research analyzes Arsyad's comedy through Norman Fairclough's three-dimensional critical discourse analysis model of description, interpretation, and explanation of text, discursive practice, and sociocultural practice. The descriptive dimension examines how Arsyad uses language to construct representations of the world shaped by ideology. The interpretative dimension analyzes how his language perpetuates or challenges power relations and social hierarchies. The explanatory dimension focuses on how Arsyad's representations of social identities are informed by dominant ideologies. A qualitative methodology obtains data from Arsyad's performances on the KompasTV YouTube channel using documentation, library research, and note-taking techniques. The results reveal Arsyad employs a range of metaphorical representations across Fairclough's three textual values to critique and influence social norms and actions. Fairclough's paradigm allows for a detailed examination of how comedy functions as social criticism, providing insights into the complex interplay between language, ideology, authority, and community.

Governance through Translation: Policies and Practices in Brunei Darussalam

Badriyah Yusof — 2024-06-26

Translation serves as a critical component within the communication framework, affecting domains like education, economy, and IT. This study investigates how translation functions as an object of governance in Brunei Darussalam, guided by the Polysystem Theory. Utilizing qualitative-descriptive methods, including experiential insights and observational data, the paper explores how translation activities are regulated and integrated across government institutions to promote social cohesion, accessibility, national development. In Brunei, translation is essential for ensuring effective communication in legal, health, and religious contexts. Key government entities, such as the Language and Literature Bureau and the Ministry of Religious Affairs, manage translation units to support these functions. The analysis underscores how translation aligns with the national objectives of Brunei Vision 2035, aiming at high quality education, improved quality of life, and sustainable economy. Results reveal that effective translation practices foster social cohesion, equitable access to public services, and national development. Continuous assessment, technological advancements, and human resource development are crucial for maintaining and enhancing the effectiveness of translation as an object of governance. Brunei’s case sheds light on the transformative potential of translation as a powerful tool for governance and holistic development, fostering cultural preservation and inclusivity. This research significantly contributes to the broader discourse on how effective translation governance can facilitate sustainable national progress and cross-cultural understanding.