FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY OF STATE UNIVERSITIES WITH LEGAL ENTITY (PTN-BH): CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIES FOR FINANCIAL INDEPENDENCE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21512/jafa.v12i2.13809Keywords:
Financial Sustainability, Financial Independence, State Universities with Legal Entity (PTN-BH), New Public ManagementAbstract
This study analyzes the financial sustainability of State Universities with Legal Entity or in Indonesia called PTN BH through case studies of two institutions with differing income profiles. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, and document analysis. Thematic analysis identified three main challenges: government funding cuts, limited flexibility in fiscal regulations, and constrained human resource capacity and institutional culture. Four key strategies were also identified, namely diversification, development of business units, non-degree education, and digitalization. Findings indicate that state universities with legal entity funding cuts forced University ABC to rely on internal cash reserves, while University XYZ accelerated the establishment of university-owned enterprises. University ABC was more prepared in managing non-state funds and implementing risk-based governance, whereas University XYZ continued to face challenges in integrating commercial and academic functions. While University ABC had developed a medium-term strategic approach centered on industrial partnerships, University XYZ was only beginning institutional reforms toward a more autonomous financial system. Based on this analysis, it is concluded that the financial sustainability of PTN-BH is not yet fully secured. University ABC appears to be institutionally and financially more stable, while the sustainability of University XYZ remains in a transitional phase and faces greater structural risks.References
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