Styrofoam Waste as Partial Pen 60/70 Binder Replacement in AC-BC Marshall Characteristics
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21512/emacsjournal.v8i2.16777Keywords:
Styrofoam waste, Pen 60/70 asphalt, AC-BC, Marshall test, asphalt modificationAbstract
Road pavements need materials that can improve asphalt mixture performance. This study analyzes styrofoam waste as a partial replacement for Pen 60/70 asphalt in Asphalt Concrete–Binder Course (AC-BC) mixtures. Styrofoam contents of 6%, 9%, and 12% by weight of asphalt (variations V1, V2, and V3) were compared with a normal mixture as the control. The styrofoam was added to hot asphalt before mixing with the aggregate (wet process). Marshall testing on three specimens per mixture covered Voids in Mineral Aggregate (VMA), Voids Filled with Asphalt (VFA), Voids in Mixture (VIM), flow, stability, Marshall Quotient (MQ), and density, following the 2025 General Specifications of the Directorate General of Highways (Direktorat Jenderal Bina Marga, 2025). The optimum asphalt content (OAC) was determined and compared with the control and specification limits. All variations met the AC-BC requirements. The OAC was 5.37% for the normal mixture and 5.12% for V1–V3, but the confirmation specimens were prepared at 5.37% (normal) and 4.87% (V1–V3), so their asphalt contents differ. Compared with the normal mixture, V1 (6% styrofoam, 94% asphalt) had higher stability (978.13 versus 896.46 kg) and MQ (303.98 versus 271.69 kg/mm), slightly lower flow (3.23 versus 3.30 mm) and VMA (14.86% versus 15.50%), and slightly higher VIM (3.94% versus 3.72%). No difference was statistically significant (ANOVA, p > 0.05), so V1 is only the most promising variation. The findings are limited to laboratory-scale Marshall results.
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